Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of_the_WP15.xls.
Cramp, S. and Simmons, K.E.L. (eds). 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
---|---|---|
B1ac(iv) | B1ac(iv)+2ac(iv) | B1ac(iv)+2ac(iv); D1+2 |
Year | Category | Criteria |
---|---|---|
2021 | Critically Endangered | B1ac(iv) |
2018 | Critically Endangered | B1ac(iv)+2ac(iv) |
2016 | Critically Endangered | B1ac(iv)+2ac(iv) |
2013 | Critically Endangered | B1ac(iv)+2ac(iv) |
2012 | Critically Endangered | B1ac(iv)+2ac(iv) |
2011 | Critically Endangered | B1a+c(iv); B2a+c(iv) |
2010 | Critically Endangered | B1a+c(iv); B2a+c(iv) |
2009 | Critically Endangered | B1a+c(iv); B2a+c(iv) |
2008 | Critically Endangered | |
2004 | Critically Endangered | |
2000 | Critically Endangered | |
1996 | Endangered | |
1994 | Endangered | |
1988 | Threatened |
Migratory status | not a migrant | Forest dependency | does not normally occur in forest |
Land-mass type | Average mass | - |
Estimate | Data quality | |
---|---|---|
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) | 4 km2 | medium |
Area of Occupancy (breeding/resident) | 16 km2 | good |
Number of locations | 1 | - |
Severely fragmented? | no | - |
Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Population size | 250-999 mature individuals | good | estimated | 2015 |
Population trend | stable | good | estimated | - |
Generation length | 3.1 years | - | - | - |
Number of subpopulations | 1 | - | - | - |
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation | 100% | - | - | - |
Population justification: The population was estimated at 1,558 individuals in November 2011, before it declined to 855 in November 2015 (M. Brooke in litt. 2016). This equates roughly to 570 mature individuals. However, when the population is smaller it can be strongly male-biased, meaning the effective population size is smaller than it first appears (M. Brooke in litt. 2008, 2010, Brooke et al. 2010). Therefore, the population is placed in the band 250-999 mature individuals.
Trend justification: The population undergoes fluctuations due to varying rainfall levels on Raso (Donald et al. 2003, Donald and Brooke 2006, Brooke et al. 2012). It has increased rapidly since 2004, but it is uncertain whether this relates to a temporary fluctuation or a longer-term increase.
Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding visitor | Non-breeding visitor | Passage migrant |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cape Verde | extant | native | yes |
Country/Territory | IBA Name |
---|---|
Cape Verde | Raso Islet Integral Natural Reserve |
Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
---|---|---|---|
Grassland | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | resident |
Marine Intertidal | Tidepools | marginal | resident |
Shrubland | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | major | resident |
Wetlands (inland) | Seasonal/Intermittent/Irregular Rivers/Streams/Creeks | major | resident |
Altitude | 0 - 50 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Climate change & severe weather | Droughts | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Whole (>90%) | Causing/Could cause fluctuations | Medium Impact: 7 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Climate change & severe weather | Habitat shifting & alteration | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Future | Whole (>90%) | Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Canis familiaris | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Future | Whole (>90%) | Very Rapid Declines | Medium Impact: 7 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Felis catus | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Future | Whole (>90%) | Very Rapid Declines | Medium Impact: 7 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Named species | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Future | Whole (>90%) | Very Rapid Declines | Medium Impact: 7 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Unspecified species | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Future | Whole (>90%) | Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Problematic native species/diseases - Tarentola gigas | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Whole (>90%) | Very Rapid Declines | High Impact: 9 | ||||||
|
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Raso Lark Alauda razae. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/raso-lark-alauda-razae on 03/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 03/12/2024.