Data Zone
Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of_the_WP15.xls.
Cramp, S. and Simmons, K.E.L. (eds). 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | Least Concern | |
| 2012 | Least Concern | |
| 2009 | Least Concern | |
| 2008 | Least Concern | |
| 2004 | Least Concern | |
| 2000 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1994 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| Migratory status | full migrant | Forest dependency | medium |
| Land-mass type | Average mass | 28 g |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) | 18,900,000 km2 | |
| Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding) | 19,600,000 km2 | |
| Severely fragmented? | no | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population size | unknown | - | - | - |
| Population trend | stable | - | suspected | - |
| Generation length | 3.6 years | - | - | - |
Population justification: The global population size has not been quantified, though the European population is estimated at 50-120 pairs, which equates to 100-240 mature individuals (BirdLife International 2015), with Europe forming <5% of the global range. National population estimates include: c.100-10,000 breeding pairs in China; < c.1,000 individuals on migration and < c.1,000 wintering individuals in Korea; < c.1,000 individuals on migration and < c.1,000 wintering individuals in Japan and c.100-10,000 breeding pairs in Russia (Brazil 2009).
Trend justification: The population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence for any declines or substantial threats. The European population trend is unknown (BirdLife International 2015).
| Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding visitor | Non-breeding visitor | Passage migrant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | extant | native | yes | |||
| Austria | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Belgium | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Bulgaria | extant | vagrant | ||||
| China (mainland) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Croatia | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Cyprus | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Czechia | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Denmark | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Finland | extant | vagrant | ||||
| France | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Germany | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Gibraltar (to UK) | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Greece | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Hungary | extant | vagrant | ||||
| India | extant | native | ||||
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | extant | native | yes | |||
| Iraq | extant | native | yes | |||
| Israel | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Italy | extant | native | ||||
| Japan | extant | native | ||||
| Jordan | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Kazakhstan | extant | native | yes | |||
| Kyrgyzstan | extant | native | yes | |||
| Lebanon | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Malta | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Mongolia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Montenegro | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Nepal | extant | native | ||||
| Netherlands | extant | vagrant | ||||
| North Korea | extant | native | ||||
| Norway | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Pakistan | extant | native | ||||
| Poland | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Russia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Russia (Asian) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Russia (Central Asian) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Russia (European) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Saudi Arabia | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Serbia | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Slovenia | extant | vagrant | ||||
| South Korea | extant | native | ||||
| Spain | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Sweden | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Switzerland | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Syria | extant | native | yes | |||
| Tajikistan | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Türkiye | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Turkmenistan | extant | native | yes | |||
| Ukraine | extant | vagrant | ||||
| United Arab Emirates | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| United Kingdom | extant | vagrant | ||||
| USA | extant | vagrant |
| Country/Territory | IBA Name |
|---|
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Arable Land | suitable | breeding |
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Arable Land | suitable | non-breeding |
| Forest | Boreal | suitable | breeding |
| Forest | Boreal | suitable | non-breeding |
| Forest | Temperate | suitable | breeding |
| Forest | Temperate | suitable | non-breeding |
| Altitude | Occasional altitudinal limits |
| Purpose | Scale |
|---|---|
| Pets/display animals, horticulture | international |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Pine Bunting Emberiza leucocephalos. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/pine-bunting-emberiza-leucocephalos on 27/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 27/12/2024.