• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic note

Grallaria rufula and G. saltuensis (del Hoyo and Collar 2016) were previously lumped as G. rufula following SACC (2005 & updates), Sibley & Monroe (1990, 1993) and Stotz et al. (1996).

 

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2022	Near Threatened	B1ab(ii,iii,v)+2ab(ii,iii,v); D1
2016	Endangered	B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)
2012	Not Recognised
2008	Not Recognised
2004	Not Recognised
2000	Not Recognised
1994	Not Recognised
1988	Not Recognised

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	medium
Land-mass type		Average mass	36 g

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	2,200 km2	medium
Area of Occupancy (breeding/resident)	1,988 km2
Number of locations	11-100	-
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	1000-2499 mature individuals	poor	inferred	2022
Population trend	decreasing	-	suspected	2016-2029
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	1-9%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	1-9%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	1-9%	-	-	-
Generation length	4.34 years	-	-	-

Population justification: The population size has not been quantified. Tentatively assuming that the species occurs at the same density as a congener (G. varia: 3 mature individuals/km²; Santini et al. 2018) and further assuming that 50% of forested habitat within the range is occupied to account for its apparent rarity (i.e. 550 km²), the population may number 1,650 mature individuals. To account for uncertainty, it is here placed in the band 1,000-2,499 mature individuals, but an exact population estimate is urgently required.

Trend justification: The population is suspected to be declining due to the ongoing threats in the area, based on degradation, loss and fragmentation of habitat in the Perijá Mountains (Hernández-Montilla and Portillo-Quintero 2010, C. J. Sharpe in litt. 2016). Within the range, tree cover is lost at a rate of up to 3% over three generations (13 years; Global Forest Watch 2022, using Hansen et al. [2013] data and methods disclosed therein). The species is thought to tolerate some habitat degradation and disturbance (Greeney 2021) and therefore, population declines are not thought to exceed 10% over three generations.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Colombia	extant	native	yes
Venezuela	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial	Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest	suitable	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	major	resident
Altitude	1710 - 4070 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Natural system modifications	Fire & fire suppression - Increase in fire frequency/intensity	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Residential & commercial development	Housing & urban areas	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Transportation & service corridors	Roads & railroads	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Perija Antpitta Grallaria saltuensis. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/perija-antpitta-grallaria-saltuensis on 21/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 21/12/2024.