• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic note

Todiramphus cinnamominus, T. pelewensis and T. reichenbachii (del Hoyo and Collar 2014) were previously lumped as T. cinnamominus following Sibley and Monroe (1990, 1993).

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2022	Near Threatened	B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii); D2
2016	Near Threatened	B1ab(iii); D2
2014	Near Threatened	B1ab(iii); D2
2012	Not Recognised
2008	Not Recognised
2004	Not Recognised
2000	Not Recognised
1994	Not Recognised
1988	Not Recognised

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	medium
Land-mass type		Average mass	58 g

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	1,500 km2
Area of Occupancy (breeding/resident)	800 km2
Number of locations	11-25	-
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	2100-3300, 2700 mature individuals	good	estimated	2005
Population trend	unknown	-	-	-
Generation length	3.5 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	1	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	100%	-	-	-

Population justification: The population size was estimated at 4,117±891 birds in 2005 (VanderWerf and Dittmar 2020) and 3,805±816 in 1991 (Engbring 1992), equivalent to c.2,700 (2,100-3,300) mature individuals.

Trend justification: Comparing data between 1991 (Engbring 1992) and 2005 (VanderWerf and Dittmar 2020), the latter authors suggested the trend of Palau Kingfisher between the two years was most likely stable. While the population on Babeldaob increased (from 3,343 individuals to 3,763), that on the Rock Islands apparently decreased from 433 to 167, suggesting mechanisms for decline in at least some of its range may exist. Given the amount of time (now more than 15 years) since any substantial survey effort, the population trend is set here as unknown.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Palau	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Palau	Middle Ridge, Babeldaob
Palau	Ngerutechei, Babeldaob
Palau	Peleliu
Palau	Rock Islands
Palau	Western Ridge, Babeldaob

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial	Rural Gardens	suitable	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Dry	suitable	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Mangrove Vegetation Above High Tide Level	suitable	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	suitable	resident
Altitude	0 - 140 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Boiga irregularis	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Majority (50-90%)		Rapid Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Reduced reproductive success, Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Cacatua galerita	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Competition, Reduced reproductive success
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Felis catus	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Unspecified species	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Species mortality
Residential & commercial development	Housing & urban areas	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Purpose	Scale
Pets/display animals, horticulture	international

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Palau Kingfisher Todiramphus pelewensis. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/palau-kingfisher-todiramphus-pelewensis on 22/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/12/2024.