• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
Christidis, L. and Boles, W.E. 2008. Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2018	Least Concern
2016	Least Concern
2012	Least Concern
2009	Least Concern
2008	Least Concern
2004	Least Concern
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Near Threatened
1988	Near Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	does not normally occur in forest
Land-mass type		Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	4,430,000 km2
Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding)	392,000 km2
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	unknown	poor	estimated	1999
Population trend	stable	-	suspected	-
Generation length	11.5 years	-	-	-

Population justification: Delany and Scott (2006) estimate the population to be c.11,000 individuals.

Trend justification: The population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence for any declines or substantial threats.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Australia	extant	native		yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Australia	Babel Island Group
Australia	Chalky, Big Green and Badger Island Groups
Australia	Cheetham and Altona
Australia	Corner Inlet
Australia	Franklin Sound Islands
Australia	Houtman Abrolhos
Australia	Hunter Island Group
Australia	Investigator Islands
Australia	Kangaroo Island
Australia	King Island
Australia	Ninth and Little Waterhouse Islands
Australia	Phillip Island
Australia	Robbins Passage and Boullanger Bay
Australia	Sir Joseph Banks Islands
Australia	St Helens (Tasmania)
Australia	Western Port
Australia	Wilsons Promontory Islands

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Marine Coastal/Supratidal	Sea Cliffs and Rocky Offshore Islands	major	breeding
Marine Intertidal	Rocky Shoreline	suitable	resident
Marine Intertidal	Sandy Shoreline and/or Beaches, Sand Bars, Spits, Etc	suitable	resident
Marine Intertidal	Shingle and/or Pebble Shoreline and/or Beaches	suitable	resident
Marine Intertidal	Tidepools	suitable	resident
Marine Neritic	Macroalgal/Kelp	suitable	resident
Marine Neritic	Pelagic	suitable	resident
Marine Neritic	Seagrass (Submerged)	suitable	resident
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Loose Rock/pebble/gravel	suitable	resident
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Rock and Rocky Reefs	suitable	resident
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Sandy	suitable	resident
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Sandy-Mud	suitable	resident
Altitude		Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Climate change & severe weather	Habitat shifting & alteration	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Indirect ecosystem effects, Ecosystem conversion
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Problematic native species/diseases - Larus dominicanus	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Competition

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Pacific Gull Larus pacificus. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/pacific-gull-larus-pacificus on 22/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/12/2024.