• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	D1

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2024	Vulnerable	D1
2016	Vulnerable	D1
2012	Vulnerable	D1
2008	Vulnerable	D1
2004	Vulnerable
2000	Vulnerable
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	low
Land-mass type		Average mass	33 g

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	44 km2	medium
Area of Occupancy (breeding/resident)	44 km2
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	700-1000 mature individuals	medium	estimated	2016
Population trend	stable	poor	suspected	-
Generation length	3.49 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	1	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	100%	-	-	-

Population justification: The species is described as the least common of the three resident landbirds on Fernando de Noronha (Hosner 2020, see also eBird 2023). Point counts along almost the entire trail system in 2009 found 354 individuals (Mestre et al. 2016). Based on these surveys it is assumed that the total population numbers at least 1,000 individuals (Mestre et al. 2016, ICMBio 2018, L. Mestre in litt. 2020). Consequently, a very preliminary estimate is of 700-c.1,000 mature individuals.

Trend justification: It is hypothesised that the species used to be more widespread prior to anthropogenic changes in habitat (Olson 1994, Mestre et al. 2016). However, as all large trees on the island were cut with human colonisation several centuries ago, the species seems to show considerable resilience to habitat conversion (Olson 1994). While there are indications that the population had declined in the past this reduction appears to be historical, and the population may currently well be stable.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Brazil	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Brazil	Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial	Rural Gardens	suitable	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Dry	major	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	suitable	resident
Shrubland	Subtropical/Tropical Dry	suitable	resident
Shrubland	Subtropical/Tropical Moist	suitable	resident
Altitude	0 - 110 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Unlikely to Return		Whole (>90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Felis catus	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Named species	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Species mortality
Residential & commercial development	Tourism & recreation areas	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Noronha Elaenia Elaenia ridleyana. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/noronha-elaenia-elaenia-ridleyana on 23/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/12/2024.