• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
D	D	D1

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2024	Critically Endangered	D
2016	Critically Endangered	C2a(i,ii); D
2015	Critically Endangered	C2a(i,ii); D
2014	Critically Endangered	C2a(i,ii); D
2012	Critically Endangered	C2a(i,ii);D
2009	Critically Endangered	C2a(ii); D1
2008	Critically Endangered
2006	Critically Endangered
2004	Critically Endangered
2000	Critically Endangered
1996	Critically Endangered
1994	Critically Endangered
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	high
Land-mass type	shelf island	Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	0-49 mature individuals	poor	estimated	2024
Population trend	unknown	poor	-	-
Generation length	4 years	-	-	-

Population justification: The population is assumed to be tiny (fewer than 50 mature individuals) based on a lack of records since the only specimen was collected in 1953 (Dickinson et al. 1991, Collar and Lambert 2013, Allen 2020). Applying the methodologies of Keith et al. (2017) and Thompson et al. (2017), Butchart et al. (2018) determined that the probability of the species being extinct was 0.14 (0.00-0.27) based on records and surveys, and 0.04 (0.01-0.1) based on threats. Accordingly it is classified as Critically Endangered, rather than Extinct (see Akçakaya et al. 2017), in large part because there has not been substantial survey effort on Panay, where the species could conceivably occur on biogeographic grounds.

Trend justification: Unknown in the absence of certainty that a population persists.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Philippines	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Philippines	Mount Kanla-on Natural Park

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	major	resident
Altitude		Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Unknown		Unknown		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Unknown		Unknown		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Unknown		Unknown		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Species mortality
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Unknown		Unknown		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation

Purpose	Scale
Food - human	subsistence, national

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Negros Fruit-dove Ptilinopus arcanus. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/negros-fruit-dove-ptilinopus-arcanus on 23/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/12/2024.