• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	D1

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2024	Near Threatened	D1
2016	Endangered	C2a(ii)
2012	Endangered	C2a(ii)
2008	Endangered	C2a(ii)
2004	Vulnerable
2000	Vulnerable
1996	Endangered
1994	Endangered
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	high
Land-mass type	shelf island	Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	3,900 km2	medium
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	800-3000 mature individuals	poor	suspected	2023
Population trend	unknown	poor	-	-
Generation length	7.02 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	1	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	100%	-	-	-

Population justification: Described as scarce and local (Allen 2020). The population size of this species has not previously been estimated formally. In its range approximately 650 km² of forest remains (at 700-2,000 m elevation), although only 270 km² of this is at its favoured elevation (<1,000 m) (data from Jung et al. [2020], analysed using sRedList [2023]). On Mt Halcon it evidently remains quite common, with up to 25 being observed in a single day (eBird 2024) but in other forests, including some at suitable altitude, scant survey effort has found it to be comparatively scarce (Dutson et al. 1992, eBird 2024). In the absence of any other data, a precautionary population size of 800-3,000 mature individuals is suspected, although this represents little more than an arbitrary range based on plausible densities generated from survey effort and the density of congeners.

Trend justification: The only plausible threats to this species are habitat loss and degradation, and hunting. Remote sensing data over the past three generations (21 years: 2002-2023) indicate almost no loss (<1%) in the extent of closed-canopy forest within its range; indeed, in this time period there has been a slight increase in canopy extent of c.3%, although this is unlikely to have increased the species' abundance (Jung et al. 2020, and Global Forest Watch 2024 based on data from Hansen et al. [2013] and methods therein). Moreover, forest in its range looks to be intact with little evidence of degradation (Grantham et al. 2020). Consequently habitat loss and degradation are not thought to be causing any declines in this species presently. Hunting is an entirely unknown and unquantified threat, although it is noted that visits to suitable habitat in 1991 (Dutson et al. 1992) and 2015 (eBird 2024) appeared to find it similarly common. Given uncertainty on the extent and acuity of hunting as a threat, the overall global trend of this species is considered Unknown, although it is probably unlikely to be declining rapidly.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Philippines	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Philippines	Iglit - Baco Mountains
Philippines	Lake Naujan
Philippines	Mount Halcon
Philippines	Mount Hinunduang
Philippines	Puerto Galera

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	major	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	major	resident
Altitude	700 - 1800 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Shifting agriculture	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Likely to Return		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Unknown		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Species mortality
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Likely to Return		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Climate change & severe weather	Habitat shifting & alteration	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Whole (>90%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Indirect ecosystem effects, Ecosystem degradation

Purpose	Scale
Food - human	subsistence

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Mindoro Imperial-pigeon Ducula mindorensis. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/mindoro-imperial-pigeon-ducula-mindorensis on 23/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/12/2024.