• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2022	Near Threatened	B1a+2a; D2
2016	Endangered	A3cde; B1ab(iii,iv,v)
2013	Endangered	A3cde; B1ab(iii,v)
2012	Endangered	A3cde;B1ab(iii,v)
2008	Endangered	A3c,d,e; B1a+b(iii,v)
2004	Endangered
2000	Lower Risk/Near Threatened
1994	Lower Risk/Near Threatened
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	medium
Land-mass type		Average mass	90 g

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	7,800 km2	medium
Area of Occupancy (breeding/resident)	600 km2
Number of locations	5	-
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	7500-12500, 10000 mature individuals	good	estimated	2020
Population trend	decreasing	poor	suspected	2016-2028
Generation length	3.9 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	1-5	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	1-89%	-	-	-

Population justification: Based on surveys undertaken between 2007-2012, the population is estimated at 16,230 birds (c.10,000 mature individuals), consisting of 9,723 on Saipan (data from 2007 [Camp et al. 2009]), 2,269 on Tinian (data from 2008, [Camp et al. 2012]), 3,383 on Rota (data from 2012 [Camp et al. 2015]) and 855 on Aguijan (data from 2008 [Amidon et al. 2014]). The population on Sarigan remains unquantified but is here considered unlikely to comprise more than 100 mature individuals given the recent establishment of the population there. There is some uncertainty about these populations given the lack of more recent data, and so the population is estimated to number 7,500-12,500 mature individuals, with a best estimate of c.10,000.

Trend justification: The species is precautionarily suspected to be declining. Population estimates in 1982 (see Engbring et al. 1982) compared with more recent estimates suggest that populations on Aguijan and Saipan are stable, but those on Rota and Tinian are declining (or at least declined formerly). More recent data are needed to confirm these trends however, and the self-introduction of birds to Sarigan may indicate that the population may now be stable or increasing. Declines were previously assumed based on the inevitable introduction of Brown Tree Snakes Boiga irregularis, which has not materialised, and forest loss which no longer appears to be ongoing (Global Forest Watch [2021] using data from Hansen et al. [2013] and methods disclosed therein)—consequently, if the species is declining, it remains unclear what the acting threats are.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Guam (to USA)	extinct	native	yes
Northern Mariana Islands (to USA)	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Northern Mariana Islands (to USA)	Aguiguan Island and Naftan Rock
Northern Mariana Islands (to USA)	Northern Saipan
Northern Mariana Islands (to USA)	Rota
Northern Mariana Islands (to USA)	Tinian Island
Northern Mariana Islands (to USA)	Topachau-Susupe-Kagman

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial	Pastureland	suitable	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Mangrove Vegetation Above High Tide Level	suitable	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	major	resident
Shrubland	Subtropical/Tropical Dry	suitable	resident
Altitude	0 - 460 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Species mortality
Climate change & severe weather	Habitat shifting & alteration	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Whole (>90%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Indirect ecosystem effects, Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Boiga irregularis	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Unlikely to Return		Minority (<50%)		Rapid Declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Leucaena leucocephala	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Named species	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation

Purpose	Scale
Food - human	subsistence

---

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Mariana Fruit-dove Ptilinopus roseicapilla. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/mariana-fruit-dove-ptilinopus-roseicapilla on 22/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/12/2024.