• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Climate Change maps
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	C2a(ii)

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2021	Near Threatened	C2a(ii)
2016	Vulnerable	C2a(ii)
2012	Vulnerable	C2a(ii)
2008	Vulnerable	C2a(ii)
2007	Vulnerable
2006	Vulnerable
2004	Vulnerable
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Migratory status	full migrant	Forest dependency	does not normally occur in forest
Land-mass type	shelf island	Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	691,000 km2	medium
Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding)	3,800,000 km2	medium
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	3300-6700 mature individuals	medium	suspected	2002
Population trend	decreasing	medium	inferred	-
Generation length	4.2 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	1	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	100%	-	-	-

Population justification: The species's population is believed to number 5,000-10,000 individuals (T. Dodman in litt. 2002), roughly equivalent to 3,300-6,700 mature individuals. Surveys at the Tana Delta in Kenya produced counts of 3,000 individuals in 2010, 3,000 in 2019, and 2,500 in 2020 (R. Nussbaumer in litt. 2021). The species is monotypic (Maclean and Kirwan 2020) and due to its migratory behaviour, it is assumed that all individuals have an ample opportunity to mix, and therefore it is assumed to function as one subpopulation.

Trend justification: The population is inferred to be undergoing a continuing decline owing to widespread loss and degradation of wetland habitats in Madagascar (Delany et al. 2009; Kull 2012; D'Urban Jackson et al. 2019), and the degradation of the Tana Delta in Kenya as a result of development (RSPB 2014). Data for this species is difficult to analyse, but there is evidence of it declining in Kenya (C. Jackson in litt. 2021). The likely rate of decline has not been quantified.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Comoros	extant	native				yes
Ethiopia	extant	vagrant
Kenya	extant	native			yes
Madagascar	extant	native		yes
Mozambique	extant	native			yes
Somalia	extant	native			yes
Tanzania	extant	native			yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Kenya	Sabaki River Mouth
Madagascar	North Pangalane
Madagascar	Wetlands of the Tsiribihina delta and upper Tsiribihina river
Tanzania	Dar es Salaam coast

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Grassland	Subtropical/Tropical Seasonally Wet/Flooded	suitable	resident
Marine Coastal/Supratidal	Coastal Sand Dunes	major	non-breeding
Marine Intertidal	Rocky Shoreline	major	breeding
Marine Intertidal	Salt Marshes (Emergent Grasses)	major	resident
Marine Intertidal	Tidepools	major	resident
Marine Neritic	Estuaries	major	non-breeding
Rocky areas (eg. inland cliffs, mountain peaks)		major	resident
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha)	suitable	resident
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls)	major	resident
Altitude	0 - 1500 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Minority (<50%)		Rapid Declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Energy production & mining	Mining & quarrying	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Minority (<50%)		Rapid Declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Human intrusions & disturbance	Work & other activities	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Species disturbance
Natural system modifications	Other ecosystem modifications	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Pollution	Domestic & urban waste water - Type Unknown/Unrecorded	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Residential & commercial development	Housing & urban areas	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Madagascar Pratincole Glareola ocularis. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/madagascar-pratincole-glareola-ocularis on 26/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 26/12/2024.