Data Zone
Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of_the_WP15.xls.
Cramp, S. and Simmons, K.E.L. (eds). 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | Near Threatened | A2b+4b |
| 2016 | Least Concern | |
| 2012 | Least Concern | |
| 2009 | Least Concern | |
| 2008 | Least Concern | |
| 2004 | Least Concern | |
| 2000 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1994 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| Migratory status | full migrant | Forest dependency | does not normally occur in forest |
| Land-mass type | Average mass | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) | 4,600,000 km2 | |
| Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding) | 48,000,000 km2 | |
| Severely fragmented? | no | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population size | 500000-1000000,800000 mature individuals | poor | estimated | 2023 |
| Population trend | decreasing | - | estimated | 2017-2028 |
| Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 20-29% | - | - | - |
| Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 20-29% | - | - | - |
| Generation length | 3.68 years | - | - | - |
| Number of subpopulations | 1 | - | - | - |
| Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation | 100% | - | - | - |
Population justification: The breeding population size in Alaska and Canada has been estimated at 674,327 from the Program for Regional and International Shorebird Monitoring (PRISM) (Bart and Smith 2012, Smith et al. in prep.). In addition, an uncertain but large number breed in eastern Siberia in Russia. Comments in Partners in Flight (2023) on population size suggest the Russian population is at least 130,000 (B. Andres 2020, cited in PiF 2023), suggesting the population size is around 800,000 mature individuals. The previous estimate of 500,000 (Andres et al. 2012) appears to have been an underestimate. Elsewhere there is the suggestion that the total population size could be as high as a million birds (Bart et al. in prep.), which is used here as a maximum value.
Trend justification: Analysis of migration count data from a large network of sites across the United States estimates a rate of reduction of 34% over three generations using data from 1980 to 2019 (Smith et al. 2023, also these values are used in Partners in Flight 2023). This data is highly uncertain, with a lower 90% credible interval (LCI 90) of -70% and an upper 90% CI (UCI 90) of +33%. But a rapid recent reduction is supported by data from Audubon’s Christmas Bird Count (CBC), which estimates a 2009-2021 mean annual trend of -5.86% (-18.96 to +1.92) (Meehan et al. 2022), equivalent to -49% (-90 to +23%) over three generations. This data is somewhat skewed by a very high abundance recorded in 2012, but rapid to very rapid declines are evident in California, all around the Gulf states and along the southern eastern seaboard (Meehan et al. 2022). Trend data generated from eBird data in the non-breeding season also indicate a decline, but within rather narrower bounds of -19% (-23 to -14%) over three generations (Fink et al. 2023). In the breeding areas in Alaska, Program for Regional and International Shorebird Monitoring (PRISM) surveys indicated a decline between 2002/2004 (6,848 +/- 3,190) and 2019/2022 (3,190 +/- 1,493) (R. Lanctoc in litt. 2024).
Overall, while there is much uncertainty, moderately rapid to rapid declines appear to apply over the most recent three generation period. Given the level of uncertainty in the migration count data, with credible intervals overlapping zero, the rate of reduction is suspected to fall between 20-29% over the past three generations. This rate is suspected to continue to approach threatened thresholds for several years, at least one generation length into the future (to 2028). However, the slowing of the trend in the migration data (Smith et al. 2023) means that rates over the future three generations are uncertain.
| Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding visitor | Non-breeding visitor | Passage migrant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anguilla (to UK) | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Bahamas | extant | native | yes | |||
| Belize | extant | native | yes | |||
| Brunei | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Canada | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Cayman Islands (to UK) | extant | native | yes | |||
| China (mainland) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Colombia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Costa Rica | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Cuba | extant | native | yes | |||
| Denmark | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Dominican Republic | extant | native | yes | |||
| Ecuador | extant | vagrant | ||||
| El Salvador | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Finland | extant | vagrant | ||||
| France | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Germany | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Greece | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Guadeloupe (to France) | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Guatemala | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Haiti | extant | native | yes | |||
| Honduras | extant | native | yes | |||
| Hong Kong (China) | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Hungary | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Iceland | extant | vagrant | ||||
| India | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Indonesia | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Ireland | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Israel | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Italy | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Jamaica | extant | native | yes | |||
| Japan | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Malaysia | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Mexico | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Morocco | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Netherlands | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Nicaragua | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| North Korea | extant | native | yes | |||
| Norway | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Oman | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Panama | extant | native | yes | |||
| Papua New Guinea | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Peru | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Poland | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Portugal | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Puerto Rico (to USA) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Russia | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Russia (Asian) | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Russia (Central Asian) | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| South Korea | extant | native | yes | |||
| Spain | extant | vagrant | ||||
| St Kitts and Nevis | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Sweden | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Thailand | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Turks and Caicos Islands (to UK) | extant | native | yes | |||
| United Kingdom | extant | vagrant | ||||
| USA | extant | native | yes | yes | yes | |
| Vietnam | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Virgin Islands (to UK) | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Virgin Islands (to USA) | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Western Sahara | extant | vagrant |
| Country/Territory | IBA Name |
|---|---|
| Mexico | Lago de Texcoco |
| USA | Bear River Bay UT02 |
| USA | Chenier Plain |
| USA | Coastal Prairie |
| USA | Salton Sea |
| USA | Teshekpuk Lake-E. Dease Inlet |
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Marine Intertidal | Mud Flats and Salt Flats | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Intertidal | Salt Marshes (Emergent Grasses) | suitable | non-breeding |
| Wetlands (inland) | Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands | suitable | non-breeding |
| Wetlands (inland) | Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha) | suitable | non-breeding |
| Wetlands (inland) | Tundra Wetlands (incl. pools and temporary waters from snowmelt) | major | breeding |
| Altitude | Occasional altitudinal limits |
| Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture & aquaculture | Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
|
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| Biological resource use | Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target) | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | No decline | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
| Climate change & severe weather | Habitat shifting & alteration | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
|
|||||||||
| Purpose | Scale |
|---|---|
| Food - human | subsistence, national |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Long-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus scolopaceus. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/long-billed-dowitcher-limnodromus-scolopaceus on 23/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/11/2024.