• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	C2a(ii)	B1ab(ii,iii,iv,v)+2ab(ii,iii,iv,v); C2a(ii)

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2023	Endangered	C2a(ii)
2016	Endangered	A2c+3c+4c;B1ab(ii,iii,v)
2012	Endangered	A2c+3c+4c;B1ab(ii,iii,v)
2008	Endangered	A2c; A3c; A4c; B1a+b(ii,iii,v)
2004	Endangered
2000	Endangered
1996	Endangered
1994	Endangered
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	high
Land-mass type		Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	310 km2	medium
Area of Occupancy (breeding/resident)	280 km2
Number of locations	6-20	-
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	1800-2500 mature individuals	poor	estimated	2022
Population trend	decreasing	poor	inferred	2016-2026
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	5-15%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	5-15%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	5-15%	-	-	-
Generation length	2.9 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	1	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	100%	-	-	-

Population justification: This species is confined to a very small area of montane forest above 1,100 m (Eaton et al. 2016, Clement 2020), comprising no more than 200 km² of suitable habitat (per Global Forest Watch 2023). Therein it is a scarce species of the forest interior and is absent from forest edge or small forest patches (Eaton et al. 2016, J. Eaton in litt. 2021, A. Berryman pers. obs.). Direct population densities for the species are lacking, although at 30 eight-minute point counts in 2020 (all in suitable habitat), it was detected at only six (A. Berryman pers. obs.). Detectability was assumed to be high, since at the end of each point count, when playback was used, no more individuals were observed. Assuming 4/40 represents an approximate degree of occupancy, and the species (mature individuals) was detectable up to c.50 m range, this suggests a combined occupancy/density of 12.5 mature individuals/km². This is similar to estimations of 30-66 (not necessarily mature) individuals/km² for congeners (Santini et al. 2018) noting that the latter's data do not account for occupancy. Applying the data derived herein to the area of suitable habitat (150-190 km² depending on the assumptions used), the population is estimated at 1,800-2,470, rounded here to 1,800-2,500 mature individuals. Nonetheless, the data deriving these estimates is poor and in urgent need of confirmation with larger sampling, particularly on Lompobattang's southern and eastern flanks where few have visited in recent years.

Trend justification: Moderate declines of 5-15% are suspected to occur in 10 years in response to ongoing forest loss and degradation, and forest loss data for recent years suggest this may be slowly accelerating as access to higher elevations improves (Global Forest Watch 2023, based on data from Hansen et al. [2013] and methods disclosed therein). This species is highly dependent on forest interior (Eaton et al. 2021, A. Berryman pers. obs.) and it is therefore predicted to decline at a rate greater than forest loss alone.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Indonesia	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Indonesia	Karaeng - Lompobattang
Indonesia	Pegunungan Latimojong

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	major	resident
Altitude	1100 - 2800 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Shifting agriculture	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Wood & pulp plantations - Agro-industry plantations	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Wood & pulp plantations - Small-holder plantations	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (large scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Climate change & severe weather	Habitat shifting & alteration	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Whole (>90%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Indirect ecosystem effects, Ecosystem degradation
Natural system modifications	Fire & fire suppression - Increase in fire frequency/intensity	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Whole (>90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 7
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Residential & commercial development	Housing & urban areas	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Rapid Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Lompobattang Flycatcher Ficedula bonthaina. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/lompobattang-flycatcher-ficedula-bonthaina on 25/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 25/11/2024.