NT
Imperial Snipe Gallinago imperialis



Taxonomy

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.

IUCN Red List criteria met and history
Red List criteria met
Critically Endangered Endangered Vulnerable
- - -

Red List history
Year Category Criteria
2024 Near Threatened C2a(i)
2016 Near Threatened C2a(i)
2012 Near Threatened C2a(i)
2008 Near Threatened C2a(i)
2004 Near Threatened
2000 Lower Risk/Near Threatened
1994 Lower Risk/Near Threatened
1988 Lower Risk/Least Concern
Species attributes

Migratory status not a migrant Forest dependency low
Land-mass type continent
Average mass -
Range

Estimate Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) 692,000 km2 medium
Severely fragmented? no -
Population
Estimate Data quality Derivation Year of estimate
Population size 2100-5400 mature individuals poor estimated 2024
Population trend decreasing poor inferred -
Generation length 4.11 years - - -
Number of subpopulations 2-5 - - -
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation 1-89% - - -

Population justification: Poorly known, but evidently rare and highly localised, notwithstanding its low detectability. Boyla and Estrada (2005) estimated the global population size to number fewer than 10,000 birds, but a review of available records and effort by Lesterhuis et al. (in prep.) led them to conclude the population probably numbers 3,000-6,000 individuals. A majority of these individuals are assumed to be mature, given counts are based largely on detections of displaying birds. Assuming 0.7-0.9 of these are mature, this suggests a global population size of 2,100-5,400 mature individuals. However, this is based on very few data, and at some sites it is evidently not very rare; e.g., in Ecuador 4-5 were found displaying within 1.6 km2 of suitable ridge-top habitat (Terborgh and Weske 1972).

Trend justification: Inferred to be declining due to habitat loss and degradation, and perhaps other threats not yet elucidated. Forest cover loss within this species' range has been minimal over the past three generations (Global Forest Watch 2024), but degradation is thought to be ongoing, and there are reportedly several areas where the species was previously recorded that no longer hold good habitat (D. C. Heredia in litt. 2024).


Country/territory distribution
Country/Territory Presence Origin Resident Breeding visitor Non-breeding visitor Passage migrant
Colombia extant native yes
Ecuador extant native yes
Peru extant native yes

Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBA)
Country/Territory IBA Name
Ecuador Bosque Protector Colambo-Yacuri
Ecuador Mindo and western foothills of Volcan Pichincha
Ecuador Parque Nacional Cayambe-Coca
Ecuador Parque Nacional Llanganates
Ecuador Parque Nacional Podocarpus
Ecuador Reserva Ecológica Cotacachi-Cayapas
Ecuador Reserva Ecológica Los Illinizas y alrededores
Peru Cerro Chinguela

Habitats & altitude
Habitat (level 1) Habitat (level 2) Importance Occurrence
Forest Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane suitable resident
Grassland Subtropical/Tropical High Altitude major resident
Altitude 2745 - 3700 m Occasional altitudinal limits  

Threats & impact
Threat (level 1) Threat (level 2) Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Majority (50-90%) Slow, Significant Declines Medium Impact: 6
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture Livestock farming & ranching - Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Majority (50-90%) Slow, Significant Declines Medium Impact: 6
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Natural system modifications Fire & fire suppression - Increase in fire frequency/intensity Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Slow, Significant Declines Low Impact: 5
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Imperial Snipe Gallinago imperialis. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/imperial-snipe-gallinago-imperialis on 23/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/12/2024.