• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2023	Near Threatened	B1b(iii)
2016	Near Threatened	A2c+3c+4c; B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)
2014	Near Threatened	A2c+3c+4c; B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)
2012	Near Threatened	A2c+3c+4c;B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)
2008	Near Threatened	A2c; A3c; A4c; B1a+b(i,ii,iii,v)
2004	Near Threatened
2000	Lower Risk/Near Threatened
1994	Lower Risk/Near Threatened
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	high
Land-mass type	continent	Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	12,200 km2	medium
Area of Occupancy (breeding/resident)	7,800 km2
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	unknown	-	-	-
Population trend	stable	poor	suspected	-
Generation length	2.57 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	2-100	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	1-89%	-	-	-

Population justification: The global population size has not been quantified, but the species is described as 'fairly common' (Stotz et al. 1996).

Trend justification: The population trend has not been investigated. Within the range, tree cover is lost slowly (<2% over ten years; Global Forest Watch 2022, using Hansen et al. [2013] data and methods disclosed therein). The species prefers wet primary forest, but is sometimes also found in scrub habitat (Heynen and Boesman 2020). As such, the current low rate of habitat loss may not be affecting the population, which is consequently suspected to be stable.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Colombia	extant	native	yes
Ecuador	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Colombia	Reserva Natural El Pangán
Colombia	Reserva Natural Río Ñambí
Ecuador	El Ángel - Cerro Golondrinas and surrounding areas
Ecuador	Intag-Toisán
Ecuador	Maquipucuna-Río Guayllabamba
Ecuador	Mindo and western foothills of Volcan Pichincha
Ecuador	Reserva Ecológica Los Illinizas y alrededores
Ecuador	Río Toachi-Chiriboga
Ecuador	Territorio Étnico Awá y alrededores

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	major	resident
Shrubland	Subtropical/Tropical Moist	suitable	resident
Altitude	1200 - 2000 m	Occasional altitudinal limits	440 - 2710 m

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Wood & pulp plantations - Small-holder plantations	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Unlikely to Return		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Species mortality
Energy production & mining	Mining & quarrying	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Residential & commercial development	Housing & urban areas	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Purpose	Scale
Pets/display animals, horticulture	national

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Hoary Puffleg Haplophaedia lugens. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/hoary-puffleg-haplophaedia-lugens on 23/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/12/2024.