• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	D2

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2022	Vulnerable	D2
2016	Vulnerable	D2
2012	Vulnerable	D2
2008	Vulnerable	D2
2004	Vulnerable
2000	Vulnerable
1996	Vulnerable
1994	Vulnerable
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	high
Land-mass type		Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	80 km2	medium
Area of Occupancy (breeding/resident)	80 km2
Number of locations	1	-
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	3000-4000 mature individuals	good	estimated	1992
Population trend	stable	medium	estimated	-
Generation length	3.9 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	1	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	100%	-	-	-

Population justification: Estimates over the past three decades have been broadly congruent. In 1987, the population was estimated at c.3,420 individuals (Graves 1992; adjusted to 3,070 individuals using the correct island area, and assuming 75% habitat suitability; Brooke and Jones 1995) and, in 1992, using a different technique, at c.3,150 (adjusted to 3,650 using correct island area). In 2015, the population at 25 point count localities was extrapolated to the area of suitable habitat, enumerating to a population size of 4,476-10,072 (Bond et al. 2019a). Because the latter estimate was based on detectability distances that were not empirically determined, the value from Brooke and Jones (1995)—who approximated territory size—is considered the most accurate determination of the number of mature individuals, set here to 3,000-4,000.

Trend justification: Although direct comparison is hampered by methodological differences, count data between 1987 and 2015 are comparable (Graves 1992, Brooke and Jones 1995, Bond et al. 2019a) and do not indicate any decline. Since 2015, there is no identified threat that may have caused a reduction, although it is acknowledged that the population size of this species moderately fluctuates in response to food availability (Brooke and Jones 1995).

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Pitcairn Islands (to UK)	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Pitcairn Islands (to UK)	Henderson Island

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	major	resident
Altitude	0 - 330 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Named species	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Whole (>90%)		Rapid Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Reduced reproductive success
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Plasmodium relictum	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Whole (>90%)		Rapid Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Rattus rattus	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Whole (>90%)		Rapid Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Reduced reproductive success
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Unspecified species	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Whole (>90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Viral/prion-induced diseases - Avipoxvirus	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Whole (>90%)		Rapid Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Species mortality

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Henderson Island Fruit-dove Ptilinopus insularis. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/henderson-island-fruit-dove-ptilinopus-insularis on 23/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/11/2024.