Data Zone
Amidon, F. 2017. N?n? Population Assessment. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Banko, P. C. 1992. Constraints on productivity of wild Nene or Hawaiian Geese Branta sandvicensis. Wildfowl 43: 99-106.
Banko, P. C., Black, J. M. & Banko, W. C. 1999. The Hawaiian Goose (Branta sandvichensis). In: Poole, A.; Gill, F. (ed.), The birds of North America, pp. 1-32. The Academy of Natural Sciences and The American Ornithologists' Union, Philadelphia and Washington, D.C.
Banko, W. E., & Elder, W. H. 1990. History of endemic Hawaiian birds: population histories, species accounts: scrub-grassland birds: Nene-Hawaiian Goose. Hawaii Field Research Center, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park.
Black, J. M. 1995. The Nene Branta sandvicensis recovery initiative: research against extinction. Ibis 137: S153-S160.
Black, J. M. 1998. Threatened waterfowl: recovery priorities and reintroduction potential with species reference to the Hawaiian Goose. In: Marzluff, J.M.; Sallabanks, R. (ed.), Avian conservation, pp. 125-140. Island Press, Washington, DC.
Black, J. M., Duvall, F., Hoshide, H., Medeiros, J., Hodges, C. N., Santos, N., & Telfer, T. 1991. The current status of the Hawaiian Goose Branta sandvicensis and its recovery programme. Wildfowl 42: 149-154.
Black, J. M., Marshall, A. P., Gilburn, A., Santos, N., Hoshide, H., Medeiros, J., Mello, J., Natividad Hodges, C., & Katahira, L. 1997. Survival, movements, and breeding of released Hawaiian Geese: an assessment of the reintroduction program. Journal of Wildlife Management 61: 1161-1173.
Black, J. M., Prop, J., Hunter, J. M., Woog, F., Marshall, A. & Bowler, J. 1994. Foraging behaviour and energetics of the Hawaiian Goose Branta sandvicensis. Wildfowl 45: 65-109.
Hess, S. C. & Banko, P. C. 2006. Feral cats: too long a threat to Hawaiian wildlife.
Hess, S. C., Leopold, C. R., Misajon, K., Hu, D., & Jeffrey, J. J. 2012. Restoration of Movement Patterns of the Hawaiian Goose. The Wilson Journal of Ornithology 124(3): 478-486.
IUCN. 2021. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2021-3. Available at: https://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 09 December 2021).
Leopold, C. R., & Hess, S. C. 2013. Multi-Scale Habitat Selection of the Endangered Hawaiian Goose. The Condor 115(1): 17-27.
Leopold, C. R., & Hess, S. C. 2014. Corridor-and stopover-use of the Hawaiian goose (Branta sandvicensis), an intratropical altitudinal migrant. Journal of Tropical Ecology 30(1): 67-78.
Lepczyk, C. A., Fantle-Lepczyk, J. E., Misajon, K., Hu, D., & Duffy, D. C. 2019. Long-term history of vehicle collisions on the endangered Nēnē (Branta sandvicensis). PloS ONE 14(2): e0210180.
Olson, S. L. & James, H. F. 1991. Descriptions of thirty-two new species of birds from the Hawaiian Islands: Part 1. Non-passeriformes. Ornithological Monographs 45: 1-88.
Rave, E. H. 1995. Genetic analysis of wild populations of Hawaiian Geese using DNA fingerprinting. Condor 97: 82-90.
Rave, E. H., Cooper, A., Hu, D., Swift, R., & Misajon, K. 2005. Population and reproductive trends of Nene Branta sandvicensis in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, 1989-1999. Wildfowl 55: 7-16.
Smith, J. D. 1952. The Hawaiian goose (Nene) restoration program. The Journal of Wildlife Management 16(1): 1-9.
U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2004. Draft revised recovery plan for the Nene or Hawaiian goose (Branta sandvicensis). USFWS, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A.
U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2011. N?n? or Hawaiian Goose (Branta sandvicensis) 5-year review: summary and evaluation. USFWS, Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office, Honolulu, Hawaii.
U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2014. Endangered n?n? on Oahu for the first time since the 1700s. Honolulu, Hawai‘i
U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2018. Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Reclassifying the Hawaiian Goose From Endangered to Threatened With a 4(d) Rule. Federal Register 83(63): 13919-13942.
U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2019. Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Reclassifying the Hawaiian Goose From Endangered to Threatened With a Section 4(d) Rule. Federal Register 84(244): 69918-69947.
VanderWerf, E. A. 2012. Hawaiian Bird Conservation Action Plan. Pacific Rim Conservation, Honolulu, HI.
Work, T. M., Verma, S. K., Su, C., Medeiros, J., Kaiakapu, T., Kwok, O. C., & Dubey, J. P. 2016. Toxoplasma gondii antibody prevalence and two new genotypes of the parasite in endangered Hawaiian geese (nene: Branta sandvicensis). Journal of Wildlife Diseases 52(2): 253-257.
Work, T.M., Dagenais, J., Rameyer, R. and Breeden, R. 2015. Mortality patterns in endangered Hawaiian geese (Nene; Branta sandvicensis). Journal of Wildlife Diseases 51(3): 688-695.
IUCN SSC Goose Specialist Group
IUCN SSC Threatened Waterfowl Specialist Group
Search for photos and videos, and hear sounds of this species from the Macaulay Library
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service - Draft Recovery Plan
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Hawaiian Goose Branta sandvicensis. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/hawaiian-goose-branta-sandvicensis on 22/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/12/2024.