• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic note
Hydrornis gurneyi (del Hoyo and Collar 2016) was previously listed as Pitta gurneyi.

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
A3c	A2bc+3c+4c	A2bc+3c+4c; C2a(i)

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2019	Critically Endangered	A3c
2017	Endangered	A3c+4c
2016	Endangered	A3c+4c;B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)
2012	Endangered	A3c+4c;B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)
2008	Endangered	A3c; B1a+b(i,ii,iii,v)
2005	Critically Endangered
2004	Critically Endangered
2000	Critically Endangered
1996	Critically Endangered
1994	Critically Endangered
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	medium
Land-mass type	continent	Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	5,700 km2	medium
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	1000-2500 mature individuals	poor	suspected	2015
Population trend	decreasing	poor	estimated	2010-2023
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	50-79%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	70-85%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	50-79%	-	-	-
Generation length	4.2 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	2-10	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	1-89%	-	-	-

Population justification: In Myanmar, on the basis of previously reported population densities and extent of suitable habitat, the population was estimated in 2004 to be 5,152-8,586 pairs, equating to 10,300-17,100 mature individuals, or roughly 15,000-26,000 individuals in total. More recently it has become evident that the species has suffered very rapid declines and the population in 2019 is much lower, and is now believed to be fewer than 2,500 mature individuals and may be even fewer, although there has not been an attempt to update the population estimate using the same methodology (C. Zöckler in litt. 2015, Lay Win et al. 2015, T. D. W. Aung in litt. 2016). As such, the population is currently placed in the band 1,000-2,500 mature individuals.

Trend justification: A very rapid decline has been estimated over the past three generations from a repeat survey of almost all presence sites, owing to very high rates of deforestation. This population decline is expected to become extremely rapid over the next ten years on the basis of the expected rate of deforestation in Myanmar, following uncertainty over the future status of the protected areas that are the last refuge for the population.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Myanmar	extant	native	yes
Thailand	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Myanmar	Chaungmon-Wachaung
Myanmar	Karathuri
Myanmar	Ngawun (Lenya extension)
Myanmar	Pachan
Thailand	Khao Nor Chuchi

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial	Plantations	suitable	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	major	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Swamp	suitable	non-breeding
Altitude	0 - 160 m	Occasional altitudinal limits	(max) 260 m

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Rapid Declines		Medium Impact: 7
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Shifting agriculture	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Rapid Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Rapid Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Species mortality
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Unintentional effects (species is not the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Species mortality
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Rapid Declines		Medium Impact: 7
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Human intrusions & disturbance	Recreational activities	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Species disturbance
Human intrusions & disturbance	Work & other activities	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Species disturbance
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Problematic native species/diseases - Boiga irregularis	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Species mortality

Purpose	Scale
Pets/display animals, horticulture	subsistence, national, international
Pets/display animals, horticulture	subsistence, national

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Gurney's Pitta Hydrornis gurneyi. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/gurneys-pitta-hydrornis-gurneyi on 22/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/12/2024.