Data Zone
Taxonomic note
A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of bulbuls (Shakya and Sheldon 2017) suggests that Finsch's Bulbul appears better placed within Iole. Consequently I. finschii (Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International 2019) is accepted.
Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International. 2019. Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world. Version 4. Available at: https://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v4_Dec19.zip.
Shakya, S. B., & Sheldon, F. H. 2017. The phylogeny of the world's bulbuls (Pycnonotidae) inferred using a supermatrix approach. Ibis 159(3): 498-509.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | Near Threatened | A2c+3c+4c |
| 2016 | Near Threatened | A2c+3c+4c |
| 2012 | Near Threatened | A2c+3c+4c |
| 2008 | Near Threatened | A2c; A3c; A4c |
| 2004 | Near Threatened | |
| 2000 | Lower Risk/Near Threatened | |
| 1994 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| Migratory status | not a migrant | Forest dependency | medium |
| Land-mass type |
continent shelf island |
Average mass | 24 g |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) | 2,530,000 km2 | medium |
| Severely fragmented? | no | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population size | unknown | - | - | - |
| Population trend | decreasing | poor | suspected | 2016-2026 |
| Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 20-29% | - | - | - |
| Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 20-29% | - | - | - |
| Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 20-29% | - | - | - |
| Generation length | 3.18 years | - | - | - |
| Number of subpopulations | 3 | - | - | - |
| Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation | 1-89% | - | - | - |
Population justification: The global population size has not been quantified, but the species is described as generally uncommon or rare (del Hoyo et al. 2005), although it is unobtrusive and may be overlooked.
Trend justification: This species is among the most susceptible of the Sundaic bulbuls to deforestation, being confined to lowland closed-canopy forest. It is therefore suspected to be declining moderately rapidly in response to ongoing forest loss in its range. Remote sensing data indicate that in the ten years to 2021, forest cover in this species' range was reduced by c.23% (Global Forest Watch 2022, based on data from Hansen et al. [2013] and methods disclosed therein). This is thought to be broadly representative of population declines, which may in fact be steeper than remote sensing data alone suggest, due to unquantified impacts of habitat fragmentation. The population decline is therefore suspected to have been equivalent to 20-29% in the past 10 years and the same rate of reduction is suspected to occur in the future, with little sign of Sundaic lowland forest loss abating.
| Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding visitor | Non-breeding visitor | Passage migrant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brunei | extant | native | yes | |||
| Indonesia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Malaysia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Thailand | extant | native | yes |
| Country/Territory | IBA Name |
|---|---|
| Malaysia | Belum-Temenggor |
| Malaysia | Bintang Range |
| Malaysia | Central Titiwangsa Range |
| Malaysia | Danum Valley Conservation Area |
| Malaysia | Danum-Linau |
| Malaysia | Endau-Rompin |
| Malaysia | Kinabatangan floodplain |
| Malaysia | Krau Wildlife Reserve |
| Malaysia | Lanjak Entimau Wildlife Sanctuary |
| Malaysia | Maliau Basin Conservation Area |
| Malaysia | Mulu - Buda Protected Area |
| Malaysia | Nakawan Range |
| Malaysia | Panti forest |
| Malaysia | Selangor Heritage Park |
| Malaysia | Similajau National Park |
| Malaysia | Tabin Wildlife Reserve |
| Malaysia | Taman Negara National Park |
| Malaysia | Tawau Hills Park |
| Thailand | Bala Sector, Hala-Bala Wildlife Sanctuary |
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Plantations | suitable | resident |
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest | suitable | resident |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland | major | resident |
| Altitude | 0 - 750 m | Occasional altitudinal limits | (max) 900 m |
| Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture & aquaculture | Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
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| Agriculture & aquaculture | Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
| Biological resource use | Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (large scale) [harvest] | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
| Biological resource use | Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest] | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
| Natural system modifications | Fire & fire suppression - Increase in fire frequency/intensity | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Finsch's Bulbul Iole finschii. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/finschs-bulbul-iole-finschii on 23/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/12/2024.