Eurasian Penduline-tit (Remiz pendulinus) - BirdLife species factsheet

Eurasian Penduline-tit Remiz pendulinus

Current view: Data table and detailed info

Taxonomy

Taxonomic note
Remiz macronyx has been lumped with Eurasian Penduline-tit R. pendulinus, after detailed molecular analysis (Barani-Beiranvand et al. 2017) suggested that there is very little difference between the forms and that R. pendulinus/macronyx, R. coronatus and R. consobrinus form three independent evolutionary lineages.

Further support for the two superficial distinctive types actually belonging to a single species can be found in the taxonomic notes in the Checklist, which mention taxa (bostanjogli, loudoni and altaicus) now known to be hybrids between the two species, while R. m. ssaposhnikowi is so variable that it, too, is probably better considered a hybrid, and the race R. p. caspius is admitted as possibly better belonging with R. macronyx. Such taxonomic uncertainty suggests a boundary between the two species so porous that the only reasonable course is to treat them as one.

Taxonomic source(s)
Barani‐Beiranvand, H., Aliabadian, M., Irestedt, M., Qu, Y., Darvish, J., Székely, T., Van Dijk, R.E. and Ericson, P.G. 2017. Phylogeny of penduline tits inferred from mitochondrial and microsatellite genotyping. Journal of avian biology 48(7): 932-940.
Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International. 2019. Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world. Version 4. Available at: https://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v4_Dec19.zip.

IUCN Red List criteria met and history

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2019	Least Concern
2016	Not Recognised
2012	Not Recognised
2008	Not Recognised
2004	Not Recognised
2000	Not Recognised
1994	Not Recognised
1988	Not Recognised

Species attributes

Migratory status	full migrant	Forest dependency	unset
Land-mass type		Average mass	-

Range

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	16,600,000 km²
Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding)	18,500,000 km²
Severely fragmented?	no	-

Population

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	1400000 mature individuals	poor	estimated	2019
Population trend	increasing	-	estimated	-
Generation length	3.7 years	-	-	-

Population justification: An estimate combining various basic regional summaries in Madge (2019) would put the global population at over 1,400,000. This excludes the subspecies R. p. macronyx, so it is preliminarily used here as a minimum estimate.

Trend justification: The population is estimated to be increasing following substantial recorded range expansions and only minor range contractions (Harrap and Quinn 1996). In many cases, human disturbance has provided more habitat through, for example, the creation of fish farms and lakes through mining subsidence (Madge 2019). Historical declines of the subspecies macronyx through agricultural changes in central Asia and the disappearance of the Aral Sea are thought to have been significant (Madge 2019).

Country/territory distribution

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Afghanistan	extant	native	yes
Albania	extant	native	yes
Armenia	extant	native	yes
Austria	extant	native		yes
Azerbaijan	extant	native	yes
Bahrain	extant	vagrant
Belarus	extant	native		yes
Belgium	extant	native		yes
Bosnia and Herzegovina	extant	native	yes
Bulgaria	extant	native	yes
Croatia	extant	native	yes
Cyprus	extant	native	yes
Czechia	extant	native	yes
Denmark	extant	native		yes		yes
Estonia	extant	native		yes
Finland	extant	native		yes
France	extant	native	yes			yes
Georgia	extant	native	yes
Germany	extant	native	yes			yes
Greece	extant	native	yes
Hungary	extant	native	yes
Iran, Islamic Republic of	extant	native	yes
Iraq	extant	native			yes
Israel	extant	native			yes
Italy	extant	native	yes			yes
Jordan	extant	native			yes	yes
Kazakhstan	extant	native	yes
Kuwait	extant	native			yes
Kyrgyzstan	extant	native	yes
Latvia	extant	native		yes
Lebanon	extant	native			yes
Liechtenstein	extant	vagrant
Lithuania	extant	native		yes
Luxembourg	extant	native		yes
Malta	extant	native	yes
Moldova	extant	native	yes
Montenegro	extant	native	yes
Morocco	extant	vagrant
Netherlands	extant	native		yes
North Macedonia	extant	native	yes
Norway	extant	native		yes
Oman	extant	vagrant
Poland	extant	native		yes
Portugal	extant	native	yes
Qatar	extant	vagrant
Romania	extant	native	yes
Russia	extant	native		yes
Russia (Asian)	extant	native		yes
Russia (Central Asian)	extant	native		yes
Russia (European)	extant	native		yes
Saudi Arabia	extant	native			yes
Serbia	extant	native	yes
Slovakia	extant	native	yes
Slovenia	extant	native	yes
Spain	extant	native	yes
Sweden	extant	native		yes
Switzerland	extant	native		yes
Syria	extant	native			yes
Tajikistan	extant	native	yes
Tunisia	extant	vagrant
Türkiye	extant	native	yes
Turkmenistan	extant	native	yes
Ukraine	extant	native	yes			yes
United Kingdom	extant	vagrant
Uzbekistan	extant	native	yes			yes

Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBA)

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Serbia	Carska bara
Serbia	Gornje Potamisje
Serbia	Srednje Potamišje
Serbia	Zasavica

Habitats & altitude

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Temperate	suitable	breeding
Shrubland	Temperate	suitable	breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands	suitable	breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Shrub Dominated Wetlands	suitable	breeding
Altitude		Occasional altitudinal limits

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Eurasian Penduline-tit Remiz pendulinus. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/eurasian-penduline-tit-remiz-pendulinus on 22/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/11/2024.