LC
Eurasian Bullfinch Pyrrhula pyrrhula



Taxonomy

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Ramos, J. A. 1993. Status and ecology of the Priolo or Azores Bullfinch. Thesis. Ph.D., Oxford, UK:University of Oxford.

IUCN Red List criteria met and history
Red List criteria met
Critically Endangered Endangered Vulnerable
- - -

Red List history
Year Category Criteria
2018 Least Concern
2016 Least Concern
2012 Least Concern
2009 Least Concern
2008 Least Concern
2004 Least Concern
2000 Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994 Not Recognised
1988 Not Recognised
Species attributes

Migratory status full migrant Forest dependency low
Land-mass type Average mass 27 g
Range

Estimate Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) 37,600,000 km2 medium
Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding) 40,600,000 km2 medium
Severely fragmented? no -
Population
Estimate Data quality Derivation Year of estimate
Population size 35000000-69999999 mature individuals poor estimated 2012
Population trend decreasing - suspected -
Generation length 4.8 years - - -

Population justification: In Europe, the breeding population is estimated to number 7,650,000-13,000,000 pairs, which equates to 15,300,000-26,100,000 mature individuals (BirdLife International 2015). Europe forms c.40% of the global range, so a very preliminary estimate of the global population size is 38,250,000-65,250,000 mature individuals, although further validation of this estimate is needed.

Trend justification: In Europe, trends between 1980 and 2013 show that populations have undergone a moderate decline (EBCC 2015).


Country/territory distribution
Country/Territory Presence Origin Resident Breeding visitor Non-breeding visitor Passage migrant
Albania extant native yes
Algeria extant vagrant
Andorra extant native yes
Armenia extant native yes
Austria extant native yes
Azerbaijan extant native yes
Belarus extant native yes
Belgium extant native yes
Bosnia and Herzegovina extant native yes
Bulgaria extant native yes
China (mainland) extant native yes
Croatia extant native yes
Czechia extant native yes
Denmark extant native yes yes
Estonia extant native yes
Faroe Islands (to Denmark) extant native yes
Finland extant native yes yes
France extant native yes
Georgia extant native yes
Germany extant native yes yes
Gibraltar (to UK) extant vagrant
Greece extant native yes
Hungary extant native yes
Iceland extant vagrant
Iran, Islamic Republic of extant native yes
Ireland extant native yes
Italy extant native yes yes
Japan extant native yes
Kazakhstan extant native yes
Kyrgyzstan extant native yes
Latvia extant native yes
Liechtenstein extant native yes
Lithuania extant native yes
Luxembourg extant native yes
Malta extant vagrant
Mongolia extant native yes
Montenegro extant native yes
Morocco extant vagrant
Netherlands extant native yes
North Korea extant native yes
North Macedonia extant native yes
Norway extant native yes
Poland extant native yes
Portugal extant native yes
Romania extant native yes
Russia extant native yes yes
Russia (Asian) extant native yes
Russia (Central Asian) extant native yes
Russia (European) extant native yes
Serbia extant native yes
Slovakia extant native yes
Slovenia extant native yes
South Korea extant native
Spain extant native yes
Sweden extant native yes
Switzerland extant native yes
Tunisia extant vagrant
Türkiye extant native yes
Ukraine extant native yes yes
United Kingdom extant native yes
USA extant vagrant
Uzbekistan extant native

Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBA)
Country/Territory IBA Name

Habitats & altitude
Habitat (level 1) Habitat (level 2) Importance Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial Arable Land suitable non-breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial Arable Land suitable breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial Pastureland suitable non-breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial Pastureland suitable breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial Rural Gardens suitable non-breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial Rural Gardens suitable breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial Urban Areas suitable non-breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial Urban Areas suitable breeding
Forest Temperate suitable non-breeding
Forest Temperate suitable breeding
Shrubland Temperate suitable non-breeding
Shrubland Temperate suitable breeding
Altitude 1000 - 2500 m Occasional altitudinal limits  

Utilisation
Purpose Scale
Food - human subsistence, national
Food - human subsistence, national
Pets/display animals, horticulture international
Pets/display animals, horticulture international

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Eurasian Bullfinch Pyrrhula pyrrhula. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/eurasian-bullfinch-pyrrhula-pyrrhula on 27/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 27/12/2024.