• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic note
Amazona autumnalis, A. diadema and A. lilacina (del Hoyo and Collar 2014) were previously lumped as A. autumnalis following Sibley and Monroe (1990, 1993).

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2020	Least Concern
2016	Endangered	A4cd
2014	Endangered	A4cd
2012	Not Recognised
2008	Not Recognised
2006	Not Recognised
2004	Not Recognised
2000	Not Recognised
1994	Not Recognised
1988	Not Recognised

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	medium
Land-mass type		Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	289,000 km2
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	30000-74000 mature individuals	poor	suspected	2020
Population trend	decreasing	-	inferred	2016-2051
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	5-15%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	10-19%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	10-19%	-	-	-
Generation length	11.7 years	-	-	-

Population justification: There is no direct data on the species's population size. Based on density estimates of congeners (first quartile and median: 2 and 3 individuals per km²), the area of tree cover with at least 50% canopy cover within the species's mapped range in 2020 (91,460 km²; Global Forest Watch 2020) and assuming 25-40% of forest within the species's range is occupied, the population size is tentatively suspected to fall within the range 46,000 - 110,000 individuals, roughly equating to 30,000 - 74,000 mature individuals.

Trend justification: Based on remote-sensed data showing a small amount of deforestation within the species's range since 2000 (Global Forest Watch 2020), the species is inferred to be declining. Four percent of forest with at least 50% canopy was lost within the species's range between 2001 and 2019 (Global Forest Watch 2020). Assuming a similar rate over the past three generations, this would equate to a reduction of around 8% over 35 years. Rates of deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon were higher before the mid-2000s, so the average rate of deforestation over the past 35 years may have been greater than that inferred from loss since 2000, but the area where the species is found has not been subjected to high levels of deforestation and retained 89% tree cover in 2010 (Global Forest Watch 2020). The species is found in modified habitats so it may not have declined at the same rate as the forest. However, the species is assumed to experience some trapping pressure, so is suspected to have declined by 5-15% over the past three generations.

Between 2016 and 2019, approximately 1.4% of forest was lost within the species's range within four years (Global Forest Watch 2020). If this rate were to continue, on average, over the next three generations (35 years), this would amount to a total loss of 12% of forest. The species is suspected to undergo a population reduction of 10-19% over the three generations from 2016, and over the next three generations.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Brazil	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial	Pastureland	suitable	resident
Artificial/Terrestrial	Plantations	suitable	resident
Artificial/Terrestrial	Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest	suitable	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	major	resident
Altitude		Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Reduced reproductive success, Species mortality
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (large scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Transportation & service corridors	Roads & railroads	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Purpose	Scale
Pets/display animals, horticulture	national

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Diademed Amazon Amazona diadema. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/diademed-amazon-amazona-diadema on 22/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/11/2024.