LC
Dark-eyed Junco Junco hyemalis



Taxonomy

Taxonomic note

Junco hyemalis and J. insularis (del Hoyo and Collar 2016) were previously lumped as J. hyemalis following AERC TAC (2003); AOU (1998 & supplements); Cramp et al. (1977-1994).

 

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

IUCN Red List criteria met and history
Red List criteria met
Critically Endangered Endangered Vulnerable
- - -

Red List history
Year Category Criteria
2021 Least Concern
2016 Least Concern
2012 Not Recognised
2008 Not Recognised
2004 Least Concern
2000 Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994 Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988 Lower Risk/Least Concern
Species attributes

Migratory status full migrant Forest dependency medium
Land-mass type Average mass 20 g
Range

Estimate Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) 20,500,000 km2 medium
Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding) 17,900,000 km2 medium
Severely fragmented? no -
Population
Estimate Data quality Derivation Year of estimate
Population size 220000000 mature individuals poor estimated 2019
Population trend decreasing - estimated -
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) 15% - - -
Generation length 2.34 years - - -

Population justification: The global population is estimated to number 220 million mature individuals (Partners in Flight 2019).

Trend justification: The species has been undergoing a moderate decline at an average rate of 1.3% per year between 1970 and 2017 (Partners in Flight 2019). Short-term trends suggest that the population declined by 15% over the past ten years (Pardieck et al. 2018).


Country/territory distribution
Country/Territory Presence Origin Resident Breeding visitor Non-breeding visitor Passage migrant
Bahamas extant vagrant
Bermuda (to UK) extant vagrant
Canada extant native yes yes yes
Cayman Islands (to UK) extant vagrant
Mexico extant native yes
Puerto Rico (to USA) extant vagrant
St Pierre and Miquelon (to France) extant vagrant yes
Turks and Caicos Islands (to UK) extant native yes
USA extant native yes yes

Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBA)
Country/Territory IBA Name

Habitats & altitude
Habitat (level 1) Habitat (level 2) Importance Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial Rural Gardens suitable non-breeding
Forest Boreal suitable breeding
Forest Temperate suitable breeding
Shrubland Temperate suitable non-breeding
Altitude 2600 - 3000 m Occasional altitudinal limits  

Utilisation
Purpose Scale
Pets/display animals, horticulture international

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Dark-eyed Junco Junco hyemalis. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/dark-eyed-junco-junco-hyemalis on 22/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/12/2024.