• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2023	Least Concern
2016	Near Threatened	A2c+3c+4c
2012	Near Threatened	A2c+3c+4c
2008	Near Threatened	A2c; A3c; A4c
2004	Near Threatened
2000	Lower Risk/Near Threatened
1994	Lower Risk/Near Threatened
1988	Near Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	medium
Land-mass type	continent	Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	285,000 km2	medium
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	unknown	-	-	-
Population trend	decreasing	poor	inferred	2017-2027
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	1-19%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	1-19%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	1-19%	-	-	-
Generation length	2.04 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	1	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	100%	-	-	-

Population justification: The global population size has not been quantified, but this species is described as 'fairly common' (Stotz et al. 1996).

Trend justification: There are no data on the population trend. The species has however disappeared from large areas in Paraguay, likely as a consequence of forest loss and degradation (per Narosky and Yzurieta 2006, Global Forest Watch 2023, B. Phalan in litt. 2023). In Misiones, Argentina, the species is described as locally stable or increasing in undisturbed forests (M. Lammertink in litt. 2023); this area holds large tracts of seemingly pristine habitat (Global Forest Watch 2023).
Overall, declines are likely to be occurring as populations are affected by habitat loss and degradation and are becoming increasingly fragmented.Within the range, 10-12% of tree cover is lost over ten years (Global Forest Watch 2023, using Hansen et al. [2013] data and methods disclosed therein). While the species may also occur in bushes along forest edge it is overall considered forest-dependent; consequently, the rate of population decline may be roughly equivalent to the rate of tree cover loss. The population decline is therefore here placed in the band 1-19% over ten years.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Argentina	extant	native	yes
Brazil	extant	native	yes
Paraguay	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Argentina	Alta cuenca del arroyo Alegría
Argentina	Azara
Argentina	Campo Viera y Campo Ramón
Argentina	Cerro Mártires y Barra Santa María
Argentina	Dos de Mayo
Argentina	Montecarlo
Argentina	Parque Nacional Iguazú y alrededores
Argentina	Parque Provincial Piñalito y alrededores
Argentina	Parque Provincial Salto Encantado del Valle del Cuñá-Pirú y alrededores
Argentina	Parque Provincial Urugua-í
Argentina	Parque Provincial Uruzú y Reserva Forestal San Jorge
Argentina	Reserva de la Biósfera Yabotí
Argentina	Reserva Privada Yaguaroundí
Argentina	San Antonio
Argentina	San Pedro
Paraguay	Bosque Mbaracayú
Paraguay	Estancia Itabó
Paraguay	Estancia Muxfeldt
Paraguay	Ka'aguy Rory
Paraguay	Limoy
Paraguay	Morombi
Paraguay	Parque Nacional Caazapá
Paraguay	Parque Nacional San Rafael
Paraguay	Paso Curuzú
Paraguay	Refugio Carapá
Paraguay	Reserva Itabó - Itaipú
Paraguay	Tapyta
Paraguay	Ybyturuzú
Paraguay	Ypané Medio
Paraguay	Ypeti

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial	Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest	suitable	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	major	resident
Shrubland	Subtropical/Tropical Moist	suitable	resident
Altitude	0 - 800 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Wood & pulp plantations - Agro-industry plantations	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Likely to Return		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Energy production & mining	Mining & quarrying	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Likely to Return		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Residential & commercial development	Housing & urban areas	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Transportation & service corridors	Roads & railroads	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Indirect ecosystem effects, Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Creamy-bellied Gnatcatcher Polioptila lactea. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/creamy-bellied-gnatcatcher-polioptila-lactea on 23/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/12/2024.