• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Climate Change maps
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of_the_WP15.xls.
Cramp, S. and Simmons, K.E.L. (eds). 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2018	Least Concern
2016	Least Concern
2012	Least Concern
2009	Least Concern
2008	Least Concern
2004	Least Concern
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	does not normally occur in forest
Land-mass type		Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	22,200,000 km2	medium
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	unknown	-	-	-
Population trend	stable	-	suspected	-
Generation length	3.6 years	-	-	-

Population justification: The global population size has not been quantified, but the species is described as widespread and common (Clement 1999), while the population in Taiwan has been estimated at < c.10,000 introduced breeding pairs (Brazil 2009).

Trend justification: The population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence for any declines or substantial threats.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Angola	extant	native	yes
Bermuda (to UK)	extant	introduced	yes
Botswana	extant	native	yes
Brazil	extant	introduced	yes
Burundi	extant	native	yes
Cameroon	extant	native	yes
Cape Verde	extant	introduced		yes
Central African Republic	extant	native	yes
Congo	extant	native	yes
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	extant	native	yes
Côte d'Ivoire	extant	native	yes
Equatorial Guinea	extant	native	yes
Eswatini	extant	native	yes
Ethiopia	extant	native	yes
French Polynesia	extant	introduced		yes
Gabon	extant	native	yes
Ghana	extant	native	yes
Guinea	extant	native	yes
Kenya	extant	native	yes
Lesotho	extant	native	yes
Liberia	extant	native	yes
Malawi	extant	native	yes
Mali	extant	vagrant			yes
Martinique (to France)	extant	introduced
Mauritius	extant	introduced		yes
Mozambique	extant	native	yes
Namibia	extant	native	yes
New Caledonia (to France)	extant	introduced		yes
Niger	extant	vagrant			yes
Nigeria	extant	native	yes
Portugal	extant	introduced		yes
Puerto Rico (to USA)	extant	introduced		yes
Réunion (to France)	extant	introduced		yes
Rwanda	extant	native	yes
São Tomé e Príncipe	extant	native		yes
Seychelles	extant	introduced		yes
Sierra Leone	extant	native	yes
Somalia	extant	native	yes
South Africa	extant	native	yes
South Sudan	extant	native	yes
Spain	extant	introduced	yes
St Helena (to UK)	extant	introduced		yes
Sudan	extant	native	yes
Tanzania	extant	native	yes
Trinidad and Tobago	extant	introduced		yes
Uganda	extant	native	yes
Uruguay	extant	introduced		yes
USA	extant	introduced	yes
Vanuatu	extant	introduced		yes
Zambia	extant	native	yes
Zimbabwe	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial	Arable Land	suitable	resident
Artificial/Terrestrial	Plantations	suitable	resident
Artificial/Terrestrial	Rural Gardens	suitable	resident
Grassland	Subtropical/Tropical Dry	suitable	resident
Savanna	Dry	suitable	resident
Wetlands (inland)	Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands	suitable	resident
Altitude	0 - 1000 m	Occasional altitudinal limits	(max) 2400 m

Purpose	Scale
Pets/display animals, horticulture	international

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Common Waxbill Estrilda astrild. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/common-waxbill-estrilda-astrild on 22/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/11/2024.