Data Zone
Justification of Red List category
This species has a very large range, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the range size criterion (extent of occurrence <20,000 km² combined with a declining or fluctuating range size, habitat extent/quality, or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation). Despite the fact that the population trend appears to be decreasing, the decline is not believed to be sufficiently rapid to approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population trend criterion (>30% decline over ten years or three generations). The population size is very large, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population size criterion (<10,000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be >10% in ten years or three generations, or with a specified population structure). For these reasons the species is evaluated as Least Concern.
Population justification
The global population has not been quantified, but likely numbers less than 100,000 mature individuals (per B. Phalan in litt. 2022). A study on Ilha Grande, Rio de Janeiro, found the population density to vary over the year from 0.4 to 1.8 individuals/ha, with the highest densities recorded during the breeding season (Medeiros 2010). Tentatively, the population is here placed in the band 50,000-99,999 mature individuals, but a precise estimate is urgently required.
Trend justification
The population is declining as habitat loss is causing local extinctions and range contractions (Snow and Sharpe 2020). The species has already disappeared from several formerly occupied sites, including Itatiaia National Park (Snow and Sharpe 2020).
Within the range, tree cover has been lost at a rate of up to 8% over three generations (14.3 years; Global Forest Watch 2021, using Hansen et al. [2013] data and methods disclosed therein). Even though the species is sometimes found in logged areas it is dependent on humid forest, and population declines may therefore be exacerbated by additional habitat degradation; they are therefore here placed in the band 10-19% over three generations.
Lipaugus lanioides occurs in Atlantic forest from Bahia to Santa Catarina, south-east Brazil. The species is rare and local, and is known to have vanished from areas such as Itatiaia National Park despite the presence of good habitat there. Nevertheless, it is known to occur in logged forest (where it may become more common compared to undisturbed sites), and even in areas of old undergrowth growing in derelict Eucalyptus plantations. In areas such as the Paranapiacaba range of São Paulo, it is fairly easily found and seems to be so in most of the Ribeira de Iguape valley in São Paulo and neighboring Paraná. In recent years it has been located in a number of unreported localities, and it is likely that the species has a continuous range over most of the Serra do Mar from southern Rio de Janeiro to Santa Catarina.
The species inhabits foothill and montane forests, but is able to persist in logged forest and has been found in derelict Eucalyptus plantations. Birds are most frequently observed 5-25 m above ground-level in the forest shade (Willis and Oniki 1998). The diet includes more than twenty (commonly palm) fruit species as well as insects (Aleixo and Galetti 1997), whereas nestlings are fed primarily large insects and less frequently fruit (Willis and Oniki 1998). Males sing from September to March at solitary display territories (E. O. Willis and Y. Oniki in litt. 1999) or small leks of two or three birds. Altitudinal movements may occur, at least in the south of its range where the species has been recorded near sea-level.
The most significant threat is the extensive destruction and fragmentation of Atlantic forest throughout its range, caused by conversion for agriculture, human settlements and logging. The harvesting of Euterpe palms may further affect some populations. Forests in higher elevations are currently considered relatively secure (B. Phalan in litt. 2022).
Conservation Actions Underway
The species is protected under Brazilian law. It occurs in several protected within the range.
28 cm. Dull cotinga. Brownish-grey overall. Faint scaled effect on crown. Slightly paler and duller underparts. Warmer brown wings, tail and crissum. Similar spp. Screaming Piha L. vociferans is much greyer, tinged olivaceous. Voice Strident whistle kíou-kíou kíu-kít. Softer than L. vociferans.
Text account compilers
Hermes, C.
Contributors
Benstead, P., Butchart, S.H.M., Capper, D., Clay, R.P., Martuscelli, P., Olmos, F., Oniki, Y., Schunck, F., Sharpe, C.J., Subirá, R., Symes, A., Venturini, A., Williams, R., Willis, E.O. & Phalan, B.
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Cinnamon-vented Piha Lipaugus lanioides. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/cinnamon-vented-piha-lipaugus-lanioides on 23/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/11/2024.