• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic note
A distinctive species within the so-called “croaking group” (see R. toco). Although plumage characters suggest possible sister relationship to R. sulfuratus, genetic data indicate that present species is sister to R. vitellinus (Patané et al. 2009). Long considered to be a subspecies of R. ambiguus, but differs significantly in voice; size smaller, bill shorter with more yellow; sympatric with R. a. swainsonii. Monotypic.

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2024	Least Concern
2016	Least Concern
2012	Least Concern
2009	Least Concern
2008	Least Concern
2004	Least Concern
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	medium
Land-mass type		Average mass	412 g

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	233,000 km2	medium
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	unknown	-	-	-
Population trend	decreasing	-	suspected	-
Generation length	6.08 years	-	-	-

Population justification: The global population size has not been quantified, but the species is described as uncommon or locally common in Ecuador (del Hoyo et al. 2002). This species is considered to have a medium dependency on forest habitat, and tree cover is estimated to have declined by 4% within its mapped range over the past three generations (Global Forest Watch 2022, using Hansen et al. [2013] data and methods disclosed therein). Therefore, as a precautionary measure, it is tentatively suspected that this loss of cover may have led to a decline of between 1-19% in the species' population size over the same time frame.

Trend justification:   .

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Colombia	extant	native	yes
Ecuador	extant	native	yes
Panama	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Colombia	Parque Nacional Natural Ensenada de Utría
Colombia	Reserva Natural El Pangán
Colombia	Reserva Natural Río Ñambí
Ecuador	Bosque Protector Los Cedros
Ecuador	Cayapas-Santiago-Wimbí
Ecuador	Centro Científico Río Palenque
Ecuador	Corredor Awacachi
Ecuador	Intag-Toisán
Ecuador	Los Bancos - Milpe
Ecuador	Mache Chindul Ecological Reserve and surrouding areas (Reserva Ecológica Mache-Chindul IBA)
Ecuador	Maquipucuna-Río Guayllabamba
Ecuador	Mashpi-Pachijal
Ecuador	Mindo and western foothills of Volcan Pichincha
Ecuador	Reserva Ecológica Cotacachi-Cayapas
Ecuador	Río Caoní
Ecuador	Río Toachi-Chiriboga
Ecuador	Territorio Étnico Awá y alrededores
Ecuador	Verde-Ónzole-Cayapas-Canandé
Panama	Darién National Park

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial	Pastureland	suitable	resident
Artificial/Terrestrial	Plantations	suitable	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	major	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	suitable	resident
Altitude	0 - 1980 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Purpose	Scale
Food - human	subsistence, national
Pets/display animals, horticulture	international

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Choco Toucan Ramphastos brevis. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/choco-toucan-ramphastos-brevis on 22/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/11/2024.