Taxonomic note
Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae and H. chathamensis (del Hoyo and Collar 2014) were previously lumped as H. novaeseelandiae following Sibley and Monroe (1990, 1993). Usually considered conspecific with H. novaeseelandiae, but differs in its grey vs blue-green rump and primary wing-coverts (3); matt blackish-grey vs glossy dark green crown, throat, breast and neck-sides (3); reduced dull maroon carpal area (2); dark green vs whitish undertail-coverts (ns2); darker tail (ns1); much stouter bill (not measured, but estimated at 2); also modest genetic divergence (Goldberg et al. 2010). Monotypic.
Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
---|---|---|
- | - | D1 |
Year | Category | Criteria |
---|---|---|
2022 | Vulnerable | D1 |
2016 | Vulnerable | D1 |
2014 | Vulnerable | D1 |
2012 | Not Recognised | |
2008 | Not Recognised | |
2004 | Not Recognised | |
2000 | Not Recognised | |
1994 | Not Recognised | |
1988 | Not Recognised |
Migratory status | not a migrant | Forest dependency | medium |
Land-mass type | Average mass | 653 g |
Estimate | Data quality | |
---|---|---|
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) | 1,900 km2 | medium |
Area of Occupancy (breeding/resident) | 1,530 km2 | |
Severely fragmented? | no | - |
Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Population size | 250-999 mature individuals | - | estimated | 2021 |
Population trend | increasing | poor | suspected | 1998-2008 |
Generation length | 7.18 years | - | - | - |
Number of subpopulations | 1 | - | - | - |
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation | 100% | - | - | - |
Population justification: The population has been much reduced since European settlement, and was estimated at just 45 birds in 1989 (Powlesland 2017). Since then, as a result of pest control, the population has increased markedly. During a survey in 2009, 263 individuals were counted and the population was estimated to number more than 600 (Dilks et al. 2010). Numbers are still thought to be increasing as a result of ongoing conservation action, but overall the population remains estimated at fewer than 1,000 mature individuals (Robertson et al. 2021).
Trend justification: The population is thought to be increasing owing to successful conservation action (Dilks 2010, Powlesland 2017, Robertson et al. 2021).
Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding visitor | Non-breeding visitor | Passage migrant |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
New Zealand | extant | native | yes |
Country/Territory | IBA Name |
---|---|
New Zealand | Tuku |
Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
---|---|---|---|
Artificial/Terrestrial | Pastureland | suitable | resident |
Forest | Temperate | major | resident |
Shrubland | Temperate | suitable | resident |
Altitude | 0 - 1100 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Biological resource use | Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target) | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Past, Unlikely to Return | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Past Impact | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Biological resource use | Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest] | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Felis catus | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Gallirallus australis | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Rattus rattus | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Sus scrofa | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Trichosurus vulpecula | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
Purpose | Scale |
---|---|
Food - human | subsistence, national |
Pets/display animals, horticulture | international |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Chatham Islands Pigeon Hemiphaga chathamensis. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/chatham-islands-pigeon-hemiphaga-chathamensis on 25/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 25/12/2024.