• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2020	Near Threatened	D1
2016	Near Threatened	D1+2
2015	Near Threatened	D1+2
2012	Endangered	B1ab(iii)
2008	Endangered	B1a+b(i,ii,iii,iv,v)
2007	Endangered
2006	Endangered
2004	Endangered
2000	Endangered
1994	Not Recognised
1988	Not Recognised

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	does not normally occur in forest
Land-mass type		Average mass	582 g

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	301,000 km2	medium
Number of locations	7	-
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	1600-2200 mature individuals	medium	estimated	2019
Population trend	increasing	good	estimated	-
Generation length	5.5 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	7	-	-	-

Population justification: In 2011 after a period of revised management (O'Connor et al. 2007), minimum counts completed at stronghold sites were: Northland 408 (total estimate 600); Great Barrier Island 803 (total estimate 1,000); Coromandel Peninsula 321 (total estimate 400) (Department of Conservation 2011). This gave a total population estimate of 1,500-2,500 individuals in 2011 (Williams 2013). By 2019, minimum counts completed at stronghold sites were: Northland 699 (total estimate 900), Great Barrier Island 639 (total estimate 800), Coromandel Peninsula 693 (total estimate 900). Counts from Cape Kidnappers and Motu Tapu Island added another 377 (total estimate 400) (N. Miller in litt. 2020). The total population estimate in 2019 was 2,400-3,400 individuals, which roughly equates to 1,600-2,200 mature individuals (N. Miller in litt. 2020).

Trend justification: Although once widespread and numerous, by the 1990s A. chlorotis populations were confined to two key strongholds, Great Barrier Island and Northland, with a remnant population in Fiordland and two very small (< 20 individuals) reintroduced populations on offshore islands (Williams and Dumbell 1996, Watts et al. 2016). By 2007 the population was limited to approximately 1,000 wild birds (O’Connor et al. 2007), with research indicating that the species was facing extirpation from mainland New Zealand (Parrish and Williams 2001) and showing that the population on Great Barrier Island was halving every 4.1 years (Ferreira and Taylor 2003).
The population had been falling rapidly owing to predation by introduced mammals; however, since 2003 it has been increasing as a result of intensive management. The rate of increase has not been estimated.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
New Zealand	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
New Zealand	Bay of Plenty Islands
New Zealand	Cape Kidnappers
New Zealand	Hirakimata Kotuku Peninsula
New Zealand	Te Hauturu-o-Toi Little Barrier Island

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Aquatic & Marine	Artificial/Aquatic - Water Storage Areas (over 8ha)	suitable	resident
Artificial/Terrestrial	Pastureland	suitable	resident
Forest	Temperate	major	breeding
Marine Intertidal	Sandy Shoreline and/or Beaches, Sand Bars, Spits, Etc	marginal	resident
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha)	major	resident
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha)	major	resident
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls)	major	resident
Altitude		Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Unlikely to Return		Majority (50-90%)		Rapid Declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Species mortality
Climate change & severe weather	Droughts	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Canis familiaris	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Rapid Declines		Medium Impact: 7
		Stresses Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Felis catus	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Rapid Declines		Medium Impact: 7
		Stresses Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Mustela erminea	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Rapid Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Mustela furo	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Rapid Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Mustela nivalis	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Rapid Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Trichosurus vulpecula	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Problematic native species/diseases	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Unlikely to Return		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Species mortality
Transportation & service corridors	Roads & railroads	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Species mortality

Purpose	Scale
Pets/display animals, horticulture	international

---

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Brown Teal Anas chlorotis. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/brown-teal-anas-chlorotis on 23/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/11/2024.