• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
Christidis, L. and Boles, W.E. 2008. Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	A2bc+4bc

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2022	Vulnerable	A2bc+4bc
2016	Least Concern
2012	Least Concern
2009	Least Concern
2008	Least Concern
2004	Least Concern
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Migratory status	full migrant	Forest dependency	medium
Land-mass type		Average mass	46 g

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	370,000 km2
Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding)	1,550,000 km2
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	7500-15000, 10000 mature individuals	poor	suspected	2020
Population trend	decreasing	-	inferred	2012-2023
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	30-49%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	30-49%	-	-	-
Generation length	3.6 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	1-2	-	-	-

Population justification: While there are no quantitative data available on the population size, experts suspect there are approximately 10,000 (7,500-15,000) mature individuals (Holdsworth et al. 2021).

Trend justification:

Sixty years ago, N. chrysostoma was widespread, and the commonest parrot in Tasmania (McColl 1957), but the species has greatly declined over the least two decades.
In Tasmania, reporting rates from regular 5-km area searches across the north declined by 77% from 2008–2018, and by 75% across the State from 2001–2005 to 2013–2017. At two long-term monitoring sites near Wynyard in north-west Tasmania, reporting rates from 5-km area searches declined by >75% from 1999–2016 (Newman & Ashby 2018) and 64% from 2010–2020 (M. Newman unpublished, in Holdsworth et al. 2021). On the mainland, annual reporting rates from the breeding range in southern Victoria during the breeding season (September–January) declined by 59% and 26% for 2-ha 20-min surveys and 500-m area searches, respectively, from 2009–2019 (BirdLife Australia 2020, eBird 2021) but reporting rates are too low for analysis in the non-breeding range of inland New South Wales, South Australia and Queensland. Two local analyses show no trend: (1) in the Midlands, Tasmania, N. chrysostoma were more abundant on 72 surveyed sites in 2016, a wet year, than when previously surveyed in 1996–1998 (Bain et al. 2020), but there was no monitoring in the intervening period; and (2) in the greater Geelong and Surf Coast region, Victoria, annual reporting rates of breeding and non-breeding between 2009 and 2020 show no clear trend (BirdLife Australia 2020, eBird 2021, Holdsworth et al. 2021).
Consequently, although a continuing decline is inferred, there is uncertainty with the ongoing rate. Combining the data available, Holdsworth et al. (2021) suspected a global rate of decline of 30-49% over the past three generations. It is unclear whether this rate of decline can be maintained in the future, although a continuing decline is inferred on the basis that the identified plausible threats remain unmitigated.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Australia	extant	native	yes		yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial	Pastureland	suitable	non-breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial	Pastureland	suitable	breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial	Plantations	suitable	non-breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial	Plantations	suitable	breeding
Desert	Hot	suitable	non-breeding
Desert	Hot	suitable	breeding
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Dry	suitable	non-breeding
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Dry	suitable	breeding
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Mangrove Vegetation Above High Tide Level	suitable	non-breeding
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Mangrove Vegetation Above High Tide Level	suitable	breeding
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	suitable	non-breeding
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	suitable	breeding
Grassland	Subtropical/Tropical Dry	suitable	non-breeding
Grassland	Subtropical/Tropical Dry	suitable	breeding
Shrubland	Subtropical/Tropical Dry	suitable	non-breeding
Shrubland	Subtropical/Tropical Dry	suitable	breeding
Shrubland	Subtropical/Tropical Moist	suitable	non-breeding
Shrubland	Subtropical/Tropical Moist	suitable	breeding
Altitude	0 - 1200 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Felis catus	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Unknown		Negligible declines		Unknown
		Stresses Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Petaurus breviceps	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Unknown		Negligible declines		Unknown
		Stresses Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Vulpes vulpes	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Unknown		Negligible declines		Unknown
		Stresses Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Viral/prion-induced diseases - Beak and Feather Disease Virus (BFDV)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Species mortality
Natural system modifications	Fire & fire suppression - Increase in fire frequency/intensity	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Whole (>90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 7
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Species mortality

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Blue-winged Parrot Neophema chrysostoma. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/blue-winged-parrot-neophema-chrysostoma on 22/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/11/2024.