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Bird, J.P., Martin, R., Akçakaya, H.R., Gilroy, J., Burfield, I.J., Garnett, S.G., Symes, A., Taylor, J., ?ekercio?lu, Ç.H. and Butchart, S.H.M. 2020. Generation lengths of the world’s birds and their implications for extinction risk. Conservation Biology 34: 1252-1261. DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13486.

del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A. and Sargatal, J. (eds). 1996. Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 3: Hoatzin to Auks. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, Spain.

Delany, S. and Scott, D. 2006. Waterbird population estimates. Wetlands International, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

Donald, P.F., Fernando, E., Brown, L., Busana, M., Butchart, S.H.M., Chng, S., Colina, A.d.l., Ferreira, J.M., Jain, A., Jones, V.R., Lapido, R., Malsch, K., McDougall, A., Muccio, C., Nguyen, D., Outhwaite, W., Petrovan, S.O., Stafford, C., Sutherland, W.J., Tallowin, O. & Safford, R. 2024 (in press). Assessing the global prevalence of wild birds in trade.

Hayman, P., Marchant, J. and Prater, A.J. 1986. Shorebirds. Croom Helm, London.

Hockey, P.A.R., Dean, W.R.J. and Ryan, P.G. 2005. Roberts Birds of Southern Africa. Trustees of the John Voelcker Bird Book Fund, Cape Town, South Africa.

IUCN. 2024. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2024-2. Available at: https://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 22 October 2024).

Johnsgard, P.A. 1981. The plovers, sandpipers and snipes of the world. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, U.S.A. and London.

Urban, E.K., Fry, C.H. and Keith, S. 1986. The Birds of Africa, Volume II. Academic Press, London.

van Heerden, J. 1974. Botulism in the Orange Free State goldfields. Ostrich 45(3): 182-184.

Wetlands International. 2023. Waterbird Populations Portal. Available at: wpp.wetlands.org. Retrieved on 09.11.2023..

Search for photos and videos, and hear sounds of this species from the Macaulay Library

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Blacksmith Lapwing Vanellus armatus. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/blacksmith-lapwing-vanellus-armatus on 22/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/11/2024.