Data Zone
Bird, J.P., Martin, R., Akçakaya, H.R., Gilroy, J., Burfield, I.J., Garnett, S.G., Symes, A., Taylor, J., Sekercioglu, Ç.H. and Butchart, S.H.M. 2020. Generation lengths of the world’s birds and their implications for extinction risk. Conservation Biology 34: 1252-1261. DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13486.
Brazil, M. 2009. Birds of East Asia: eastern China, Taiwan, Korea, Japan, eastern Russia. Christopher Helm, London.
Donald, P.F., Fernando, E., Brown, L., Busana, M., Butchart, S.H.M., Chng, S., Colina, A.d.l., Ferreira, J.M., Jain, A., Jones, V.R., Lapido, R., Malsch, K., McDougall, A., Muccio, C., Nguyen, D., Outhwaite, W., Petrovan, S.O., Stafford, C., Sutherland, W.J., Tallowin, O. & Safford, R. 2024 (in press). Assessing the global prevalence of wild birds in trade.
Ferguson-Lees, J. and Christie, D.A. 2001. Raptors of the World. Christopher Helm, London.
Garnett, S.T. & Baker, G.B. (eds.). 2021. The Action Plan for Australian Birds 2020. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne.
IUCN. 2016. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2016-3. Available at: https://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 07 December 2016).
IUCN. 2024. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2024-2. Available at: https://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 22 October 2024).
Schodde, R. and Mason, I.J. 1980. Nocturnal birds of Australia. Landsdowne, Melbourne.
Starikov, I.J. and Wink, M. 2020. Old and cosmopolite: molecular phylogeny of tropical–subtropical kites (Aves: Elaninae) with taxonomic implications. Diversity 12: 327.
Search for photos and videos, and hear sounds of this species from the Macaulay Library
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Black-shouldered Kite Elanus axillaris. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/black-shouldered-kite-elanus-axillaris on 22/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/12/2024.