• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
Brooke, M. de L. 2004. Albatrosses and Petrels Across the World. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Christidis, L. and Boles, W.E. 2008. Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.
Turbott, E.G. 1990. Checklist of the Birds of New Zealand. Ornithological Society of New Zealand, Wellington.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	D2

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2018	Vulnerable	D2
2016	Vulnerable	D2
2012	Vulnerable	D2
2010	Vulnerable	D2
2008	Vulnerable	D2
2007	Vulnerable
2005	Vulnerable
2004	Vulnerable
2000	Vulnerable
1996	Vulnerable
1994	Vulnerable
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	full migrant	Forest dependency	high
Land-mass type		Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	54,300,000 km2	poor
Area of Occupancy (breeding/resident)	160 km2	medium
Number of locations	2	-
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	5500 mature individuals	medium	estimated	2015
Population trend	stable	medium	suspected	-
Generation length	34 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	2	-	-	-

Population justification:

There are c.880 pairs in the 35-ha study site of Great Barrier Island and 620 pairs in Little Barried Island (Bell et al. 2016a, b). A recent assessment of the whole population derived from band recoveries from fisheries bycatch estimated 2,750 breeding pairs (equivalent to 5,500 mature individuals) and 11,000 individuals (Richard and Abraham 2015).

Trend justification:

The trend obtained from census grid data for Great Barrier Island estimated a population growth rate between -2.3% and 2.5% per year, depending on juvenile annual survival. Assuming a juvenile annual survival rate of 88%, the population growth rate was estimated to be -1.1% per year (Bell et al. 2014). Nevertheless, there is considerable uncertainty in the model and further research is needed to clarify the population trend.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Australia	extant	native		yes
Colombia	extant	native			yes
Cook Islands	extant	native			yes
Costa Rica	extant	native			yes
Ecuador	extant	native			yes
El Salvador	extant	uncertain
Fiji	extant	native		yes
French Polynesia	extant	native			yes
French Southern Territories	extant	uncertain
Guatemala	extant	vagrant			yes
High Seas	extant	native			yes
Kiribati	extant	uncertain
Mexico	extant	native			yes
New Caledonia (to France)	extant	native		yes
New Zealand	extant	native		yes
Nicaragua	extant	native			yes
Niue (to New Zealand)	extant	native			yes
Panama	extant	native			yes
Peru	extant	native			yes
Tonga	extant	native		yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
New Zealand	Hirakimata Kotuku Peninsula
New Zealand	North Eastern North Island (offshore)
New Zealand	Te Hauturu-o-Toi Little Barrier Island

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Temperate	major	breeding
Marine Neritic	Pelagic	major	non-breeding
Marine Neritic	Pelagic	major	breeding
Marine Oceanic	Epipelagic (0-200m)	major	non-breeding
Marine Oceanic	Epipelagic (0-200m)	major	breeding
Altitude	0 - 726 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Biological resource use	Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources - Unintentional effects: (large scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Whole (>90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 7
		Stresses Species mortality
Biological resource use	Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Whole (>90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 7
		Stresses Species mortality
Climate change & severe weather	Temperature extremes	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Causing/Could cause fluctuations		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Indirect ecosystem effects, Reduced reproductive success
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Canis familiaris	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Felis catus	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Rattus exulans	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Reduced reproductive success
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Rattus rattus	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Reduced reproductive success
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Sus domesticus	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Likely to Return		Majority (50-90%)		Negligible declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Reduced reproductive success, Species mortality

Purpose	Scale
Food - human	subsistence, national

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Black Petrel Procellaria parkinsoni. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/black-petrel-procellaria-parkinsoni on 22/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/12/2024.