• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	C2a(ii)

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2022	Vulnerable	C2a(ii)
2016	Vulnerable	B1ab(i,ii,iii,v);C2a(i)
2012	Vulnerable	B1ab(i,ii,iii,v);C2a(i)
2008	Vulnerable	B1a+b(i,ii,iii,v); C2a(i)
2004	Endangered
2000	Endangered
1996	Vulnerable
1994	Vulnerable
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	high
Land-mass type	continent	Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	28,700 km2	medium
Area of Occupancy (breeding/resident)	11,000 km2
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	7500 mature individuals	medium	estimated	2022
Population trend	decreasing	poor	inferred	2016-2026
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	1-9%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	1-9%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	1-9%	-	-	-
Generation length	2.85 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	1	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	100%	-	-	-

Population justification: The species can be locally common, at least in undisturbed and extensive patches of forest (Renjifo et al. 2014).
Field studies found population densities of 15 individuals/km² in Cachalú and 50-100 individuals in Pedro Palo (Renjifo et al. 2014 and references therein). Precautionarily utilising the lower density of 15 individuals/km², and assuming that 50% of suitable habitat within the range is occupied (i.e. 50% of 2,500 km²; per Renjifo et al. 2014), the total population may number 11,250 individuals. This roughly equates to 7,500 mature individuals.

Trend justification: The population is precautionarily suspected to be declining, likely as a consequence of the degradation and fragmentation of remaining forest patches within its range (Renjifo et al. 2014, Macana and Zuluaga-Bonilla 2020). The species has been found to become rarer with increasing isolation and degradation of forest fragments (Renjifo et al. 2014).
Tree cover loss within the range is negligible (1% over ten years; Global Forest Watch 2022, using Hansen et al. [2013] data and methods disclosed therein), and therefore any population declines are likely very slow. They are here tentatively placed in the band 1-9% over ten years; but a direct quantification of the trend is urgently required.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Colombia	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Colombia	Bosques de la Falla del Tequendama
Colombia	Reserva Biológica Cachalú
Colombia	Serranía de los Yariguíes
Colombia	Soatá
Colombia	Vereda Las Minas and surrounding area

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	major	resident
Altitude	1200 - 2850 m	Occasional altitudinal limits	770 - 3260 m

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Causing/Could cause fluctuations		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Causing/Could cause fluctuations		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Wood & pulp plantations - Agro-industry plantations	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Causing/Could cause fluctuations		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Wood & pulp plantations - Small-holder plantations	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Causing/Could cause fluctuations		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Causing/Could cause fluctuations		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Residential & commercial development	Housing & urban areas	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Black Inca Coeligena prunellei. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/black-inca-coeligena-prunellei on 22/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/11/2024.