Data Zone
BirdLife International. 2015. European Red List of Birds. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg.
Brazil, M. 2009. Birds of East Asia: eastern China, Taiwan, Korea, Japan, eastern Russia. Christopher Helm, London.
Brown, C.R., Brown, M.B. and Ives, A.R. 1992. Nest placement relative to food and its influence on the evolution of avian coloniality. American Naturalist 139(1): 205-217.
Custer, T. W. 2000. Environmental contaminants. In: Kushlan, J. A., Hafner, H. (ed.), Heron conservation, pp. 251-267. Academic Press, San Diego.
del Hoyo, J.; Elliot, A.; Sargatal, J. 1992. Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 1: Ostrich to Ducks. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, Spain.
Delany, S.; Scott, D. 2006. Waterbird population estimates. Wetlands International, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Fasola, M.; Alieri, R. 1992. Conservation of heronry Ardeidae sites in North Italian agricultural landscapes. Biological Conservation 62: 219-228.
Hafner, H. 2000. Heron nest site conservation. In: Kushlan, J. A.; Hafner, H. (ed.), Heron conservation, pp. 201-217. Academic Press, San Diego.
Hafner, H.; Kushlan, J. A. 2002. Action plan for conservation of the Herons of the world. Heron Specialist Group, Gland, Cambridge and Arles.
Hockey, P.A.R.; Dean, W.R.J.; Ryan, P.G. 2005. Roberts Birds of Southern Africa. Trustees of the John Voelcker Bird Book Fund, Cape Town, South Africa.
IUCN. 2016. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2016-3. Available at: https://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 07 December 2016).
IUCN. 2019. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2019-3. Available at: https://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 10 December 2019).
Kuiken, T.; Fouchier, R. A. M.; Rimmelzwaan, G. F.; Osterhaus, A. D. M. E. 2006. Emerging viral diseases in waterbirds. In: Boere, G.; Galbraith, C., Stroud, D. (ed.), Waterbirds around the world, pp. 418-421. The Stationary Office, Edinburgh, UK.
Kushlan, J. A.; Hancock, J. A. 2005. The herons. Oxford University Press, Oxford, U.K.
Kwon, Y.K., Wee, S.H. and Kim, J.H. 2004. Pesticide Poisoning Events in Wild Birds in Korea from 1998 to 2002. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 40(4): 737-740.
Melville, D.S.; Shortridge, K.F. 2006. Migratory waterbirds and avian influenza in the East Asian-Australasian Flyway with particular reference to the 2003-2004 H5N1 outbreak. In: Boere, G.; Galbraith, C.; Stroud, D (ed.), Waterbirds around the World, pp. 432-438. The Stationery Office, Edinburgh, U.K.
Nikolaus, G. 2001. Bird exploitation for traditional medicine in Nigeria. Malimbus 23: 45-55.
Snow, D.W.; Perrins, C.M. 1998. The Birds of the Western Palearctic, Volume 1: Non-Passerines. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Wetlands International. 2015. Waterbird Population Estimates. Available at: https://wpe.wetlands.org. (Accessed: 17/09/2015).
IUCN SSC Heron Specialist Group
Detailed species account from European Red List of Birds (BirdLife International 2015)
Search for photos and videos, and hear sounds of this species from the Macaulay Library
Species factsheet from HeronConservation - The IUCN-SSC Heron Specialist Group
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Black-crowned Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/black-crowned-night-heron-nycticorax-nycticorax on 22/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/11/2024.