Data Zone
Anon. 2013. A victory in the fight against illegal trade of crowned cranes. ICF Bugle 39 2013.
Archibald, G.W., Meine, C.D. and Garcia, E.F.J. 2020. Black Crowned-Crane (Balearica pavonina), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A., and de Juana, E., Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. Available at: https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.blccra1.01.
Aticho, A., Beyene, A., Zelelew, S.A., Puok, C., Morrison, K., Gutema, T.M. and Chala, D. 2024. Uncovering extensive populations of the ‘threatened’Black Crowned Cranes in Gambella, Ethiopia. Global Ecology and Conservation 51: e02897.
Aynalem, S.; Helm, M.; Guinness, F.; Cabot, D. 2014. Survey of Wattled and Black Crowned Crane breeding sites in Boyo and other wetlands, Ethiopia. In: Mabhachi, O. (ed.), African Cranes, Wetlands and Communities Newsletter 13, pp. 24.
Beilfuss, R. 2019. Zakouma: Land of the Black Crowned Crane. The Bugle 45(3): 1-3.
Beilfuss, R., Dodman, T. and Urban, E.K. 2007. The status of cranes in Africa in 2005. Ostrich 78(2): 175-184.
Bird, J.P., Martin, R., Akçakaya, H.R., Gilroy, J., Burfield, I.J., Garnett, S.G., Symes, A., Taylor, J., Şekercioğlu, Ç.H. and Butchart, S.H.M. 2020. Generation lengths of the world’s birds and their implications for extinction risk. Conservation Biology 34(5): 1252-1261. DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13486.
del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A. and Sargatal, J. (eds). 1996. Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 3: Hoatzin to Auks. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, Spain.
Diagana, C.H. 2016. Plan d’Action National Pour la Conservation de la Grue couronnée Balearica pavonina et du Flamant nain Phoeniconaias minor en Guinée 2016 – 2020.
Diagana, C.H. and Diawara, Y. 2015. Plan d’action national en faveur du Flamant nain Phoeniconaias minor et de la Grue couronnée Balearica pavonina 2015 – 2020. Nature Mauritanie, Nouakchott, Mauritanie.
Diop, M.S. 2015. Plan d’Action National pour la conservation de la Grue couronnée Balearica pavonina pavonina au Sénégal. République du Sénégal Ministère de l’Environnement et du Développement Durable.
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Fry, C.H. 1987. New data on the status of the Black Crowned Crane in West Africa. In: Archibald, G.W. and Pasquier, R.F. (eds) (eds), Proceedings of the 1983 International Crane Workshop, pp. 331–335. Baraboo, Wisconsin.
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Kone, B., Fofana, B., Beilfuss, R. and Dodman, T. 2007. The impact of capture, domestication and trade on black-crowned cranes in the Inner Niger Delta, Mali. Ostrich 78(2): 195-203.
Korssi A. 2022. The current statues of the black crowne crane (Balearica Pavonina Ceciliae ) in central Darfur state. J Agric Sci Bot. 6(5): 121.
Krajewski, C. and King, D. G. 1996. Molecular divergence and phylogeny: Rates and patterns of cytochrome b evolution in cranes. Molecular Biology and Evolution 13(1): 21-30.
Krajewski, C., Sipiorski, J. T. and Anderson, F. E. 2010. Complete mitochondrial genome sequences and the phylogeny of cranes (Gruiformes: Gruidae). The Auk 127(2): 440-452.
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Morrison, K.L. 2019. Species Review: Black Crowned Crane (Balearica pavonina). In: Mirande, C.M. and Harris, J.T. (eds), Crane Conservation Strategy, pp. 455. International Crane Foundation, Baraboo, Wisconsin, USA.
Tréca, B. 1996. Wetland habitats for Black Crowned Cranes in West and Central Africa. In: Beilfuss, R.D., Tarboton, W.R., Gichuki, N.N. (ed.), Proceedings of the 1993 African Crane and Wetland Training Workshop, 8–15 August 1993, Wildlife Training Institute, Maun, Botswana., pp. 99–101. International Crane Foundation, Baraboo, Wisconsin, USA:.
Tursha, L. G. and M. G. Boyi. 2011. Status of the Black Crowned Crane (Balearica pavonnina) in Northern Nigeria. Indwa-Journal of the South African Crane Working Group (SACWG) 7: 30-36.
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Urban, E.K., Fry, C.H. and Keith, S. 1986. The Birds of Africa, Volume II. Academic Press, London.
van Perlo, B. 1995. Birds of eastern Africa. Harper Collins, London.
Williams, E.T.C., Beilfuss, R.D. & Dodman, T. 2003. Status survey and conservation action plan for the Black Crowned Crane Balearica pavonina. Wetlands International, Dakar.
Williams, V. L., Cunningham, A. B., Bruyns, R. K. and Kemp, A. C. 2013. Birds of a Feather: Quantitative Assessments of the Diversity and Levels of Threat to Birds Used in African Traditional Medicine. In: Nobrega, R. R. and Rosa, I. L. (eds), Animals in Traditional Folk Medicine: Implications for Conservation, pp. 383-420. Springer, Berlin.
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Zelelew, S.A., Bekele, A. and Archibald, G. 2020. Detection function, cluster size, density, and population size of Black Crowned Crane Balearica pavonina ceciliae in the upper Blue Nile River, Lake Tana area . Scientific African 10: e00557.
IUCN SSC Crane Specialist Group
International Crane Foundation Species Field Guide
Search for photos and videos, and hear sounds of this species from the Macaulay Library
Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan
Status, Survey and Conservation Action Plan
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Black Crowned Crane Balearica pavonina. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/black-crowned-crane-balearica-pavonina on 22/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/11/2024.