VU
Black-breasted Parrotbill Paradoxornis flavirostris



Taxonomy

Taxonomic note
The genus Paradoxornis has been moved from the family Sylviidae to Paradoxornithidae following Cai et al. (2019). Elsewhere has been treated as conspecific with P. guttaticollis by some authors, but is morphometrically quite distinct and differs in vocalizations and, especially, in habitat requirements; ranges overlap (or formerly did) in parts of NE India, but the two are ecologically separated. Monotypic.

Taxonomic source(s)
Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International. 2021. Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world. Version 6. Available at: https://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v6_Dec21.zip.

IUCN Red List criteria met and history
Red List criteria met
Critically Endangered Endangered Vulnerable
- - B2ab(ii,iii,iv,v); C2a(i)

Red List history
Year Category Criteria
2024 Vulnerable B2ab(ii,iii,iv,v); C2a(i)
2016 Vulnerable A2c+3c+4c
2012 Vulnerable A2c+3c+4c
2008 Vulnerable A2c; A3c; A4c
2004 Vulnerable
2000 Vulnerable
1996 Vulnerable
1994 Vulnerable
1988 Threatened
Species attributes

Migratory status not a migrant Forest dependency does not normally occur in forest
Land-mass type continent
Average mass -
Range

Estimate Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) 95,500 km2 medium
Area of Occupancy (breeding/resident) 500 km2
Number of locations 5-20 -
Severely fragmented? no -
Population
Estimate Data quality Derivation Year of estimate
Population size 1500-4000 mature individuals medium estimated 2023
Population trend decreasing poor inferred -
Generation length 2.84 years - - -
Number of subpopulations 4-5 - - -
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation 1-89% - - -

Population justification: Not formally estimated, but given the restricted extent of suitable habitat, very probably numbers in the single thousands. The largest subpopulation is believed to be hosted by D'Ering Wildlife Sanctuary, which is thought to host a few hundred individuals (Rahman et al. 2022). An area further north, 'East Siang' in Choudhury (2021) also has recent records, although the population here is unlikely large. Choudhury (2021) noted that the Lower Dibang Valley also hosts a population that is 'globally important' and the area of suitable habitat is not considerably less than that of D'Ering and this may also host several hundred birds. The area of suitable habitat in Kaziranga National Park is potentially large, although birds are infrequently seen (eBird 2023), and it is improbable that the population here is any larger than D'Ering. At Manas, the area of habitat is also large and birds are frequently observed in numbers comparable to strongholds in Arunachal Pradesh (eBird 2023). The very isolated, and recently discovered, population around Loktak Lake (mostly in Keibul Lamjao National Park) is probably small (<250 individuals), based simply on the very small area of suitable habitat. Combining reports from all parts of its range, the global population size of this species is probably between 1,500-4,000 mature individuals, with no population larger than 500-1,000 mature individuals.

Trend justification: Inferred to be declining, albeit probably slowly, in response to ongoing habitat pressures, principally in parts of its range that are not formally protected, or for which the protection is only ostensible (Choudhury 2021, Krishnan 2023). Populations are greatly fragmented, and while it is evident the species is able to persist short-term in isolated pockets of habitat, the viability of these in the long-term is unknown.


Country/territory distribution
Country/Territory Presence Origin Resident Breeding visitor Non-breeding visitor Passage migrant
Bangladesh possibly extinct native yes
India extant native yes

Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBA)
Country/Territory IBA Name
India Barsey Rhododendron Sanctuary
India Bordoloni - Sampora
India Buxa Tiger Reserve (National Park)
India Chirang Reserve Forest
India D'Ering Memorial Wildlife Sanctuary
India Dibang Reserve Forest and adjacent areas
India Dibru - Saikhowa Complex
India Gorumara National Park
India Jaldapara Wildlife Sanctuary
India Kaziranga National Park
India Khangchendzonga National Park and Biosphere Reserve
India Lava - Neora Valley National Park
India Lowland forests of South Sikkim (Melli-Baguwa-Kitam, Jorethang-Namchi, Sombarey)
India Maguri and Motapung Beels
India Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary
India Majuli
India Manas National Park
India Pabho Reserve Forest
India Pangolakha Wildlife Sanctuary - Zuluk - Bedang Tso - Natula Complex
India Pani-Dihing Bird Sanctuary
India Ripu Reserve Forest
India The Chapories of Lohit Reserve

Habitats & altitude
Habitat (level 1) Habitat (level 2) Importance Occurrence
Grassland Subtropical/Tropical Seasonally Wet/Flooded major resident
Wetlands (inland) Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls) suitable resident
Wetlands (inland) Seasonal/Intermittent/Irregular Rivers/Streams/Creeks suitable resident
Altitude 0 - 150 m Occasional altitudinal limits  

Threats & impact
Threat (level 1) Threat (level 2) Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Slow, Significant Declines Low Impact: 5
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Slow, Significant Declines Low Impact: 5
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture Livestock farming & ranching - Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Slow, Significant Declines Low Impact: 5
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture Livestock farming & ranching - Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Slow, Significant Declines Low Impact: 5
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture Wood & pulp plantations - Agro-industry plantations Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Slow, Significant Declines Low Impact: 5
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use Gathering terrestrial plants - Unintentional effects (species is not the target) Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Slow, Significant Declines Low Impact: 5
Stresses
Species disturbance, Ecosystem degradation
Climate change & severe weather Storms & flooding Timing Scope Severity Impact
Unknown Whole (>90%) Unknown Unknown
Stresses
Indirect ecosystem effects, Ecosystem degradation
Natural system modifications Fire & fire suppression - Increase in fire frequency/intensity Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Slow, Significant Declines Low Impact: 5
Stresses
Species disturbance, Ecosystem degradation

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Black-breasted Parrotbill Paradoxornis flavirostris. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/black-breasted-parrotbill-paradoxornis-flavirostris on 23/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/12/2024.