• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic note
Zanda baudinii (del Hoyo and Collar 2014) was previously placed in the genus Calyptorhynchus.

Taxonomic source(s)
Christidis, L. and Boles, W.E. 2008. Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
A2bcde+3cde+4bcde	A2bcde+3cde+4bcde	A2bcde+3cde+4bcde; C2a(ii)

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2022	Critically Endangered	A2bcde+3cde+4bcde
2016	Endangered	A3cde
2012	Endangered	C2a(ii)
2008	Endangered	C2a(ii)
2005	Endangered
2004	Near Threatened
2000	Lower Risk/Near Threatened
1996	Vulnerable
1994	Vulnerable
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Migratory status	full migrant	Forest dependency	high
Land-mass type	Australia	Average mass	620 g

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	79,000 km2	medium
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	2500-4000, 3250 mature individuals	poor	estimated	2020
Population trend	decreasing	poor	inferred	1998-2038
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	90-99%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	80-99%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	80-99%	-	-	-
Generation length	13.24 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	1	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	100%	-	-	-

Population justification: The population of this species is well monitored by annual counts of roost sites that combined are believed to constitute 90-95% of the species' total population size. From these counts, the total number of Baudin's Black-cockatoos was estimated at 10,000–15,000 individuals in 1995–2004 and 5,000–8,000 in 2017 of which 2,500–4,000 are estimated to be mature individuals (TSSC 2018). Following Johnstone et al. (2021), the best estimate is placed at 3,250 mature individuals.

Trend justification: This species is in steep decline. Monitoring of traditional roost sites in the northern Jarrah-Marri forest (the wintering area for c.95% of the population) has shown precipitous declines over the past three generations (Johnstone & Kirkby 2019, Peck et al. 2019, Johnstone et al. 2021). For example, the Araluen roost declined from 800 birds in 2006, to 0 in 2014 and 2015; at Wungong, numbers declined from 600 in 1998 and 2006, to fewer than 50 in monitoring 2014-2020; counts at Myara declined from 500 in 2007 to fewer than 100 in 2015 (R. Johnstone in litt. 2022). These declines are inferred to relate directly to abundance with these losses not compensated by gains elsewhere. Further evidence is provided from the Darling Scarp and Plateau region, where mixed flocks of Z. baudinii and Z. latirostris (thought to be approximately 70% the former) have been declining at a rate of c.8% per year (Peck et al. 2019). Consequently, the population is inferred to have declined by more than 90% over the past three generations (Johnstone et al. 2021). These declines are projected to continue: nest hollow shortages are causing ongoing poor productivity, while projections of heat, drought and fire all suggest less forest food and fewer sites with accessible drinking water will be available between now and 2062 (Johnstone et al. 2021). Declines are therefore suspected to occur at a similar rate (set here to 80-99%), with no amelioration of the threats facing the species apparent.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Australia	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Australia	Araluen-Wungong
Australia	Gidgegannup
Australia	Jalbarragup
Australia	Mundaring-Kalamunda
Australia	North Dandalup
Australia	Stirling Range
Australia	The Lakes (Western Australia)

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Temperate	major	resident
Altitude	0 - 510 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Unlikely to Return		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Unlikely to Return		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Persecution/control	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Species mortality
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (large scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Climate change & severe weather	Droughts	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Whole (>90%)		Rapid Declines		High Impact: 8
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Climate change & severe weather	Habitat shifting & alteration	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Whole (>90%)		Rapid Declines		High Impact: 8
		Stresses Indirect ecosystem effects, Ecosystem degradation
Climate change & severe weather	Temperature extremes	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Whole (>90%)		Rapid Declines		High Impact: 8
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Energy production & mining	Mining & quarrying	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Apis mellifera	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Competition, Reduced reproductive success, Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Problematic native species/diseases - Chenonetta jubata	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Competition
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Problematic native species/diseases - Named species	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Competition
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Problematic native species/diseases - Polytelis anthopeplus	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Competition
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Problematic native species/diseases - Unspecified species	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Competition
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Problematic native species/diseases - Zanda latirostris	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Competition

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Baudin's Black-cockatoo Zanda baudinii. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/baudins-black-cockatoo-zanda-baudinii on 22/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/12/2024.