• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	C2a(ii)	C2a(ii)

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2021	Endangered	C2a(ii)
2016	Endangered	C2a(ii)
2013	Endangered	C2a(ii)
2012	Endangered	C2a(ii)
2008	Vulnerable	A2c; A3c; A4c
2004	Vulnerable
2000	Vulnerable
1996	Vulnerable
1994	Vulnerable
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	altitudinal migrant	Forest dependency	high
Land-mass type	continent	Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	35,000 km2	medium
Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding)	43,400 km2	medium
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	1900-7100 mature individuals	medium	estimated	2009
Population trend	decreasing	poor	inferred	2015-2034
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	10-19%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	10-19%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	10-19%	-	-	-
Generation length	6.4 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	1	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	100%	-	-	-

Population justification: This species's breeding population in Important Bird Areas (IBAs) in Costa Rica has been estimated at 190-330 mature individuals (Sánchez et al. 2009). In 2007, the estimate for the breeding population in the IBAs of Panama was given as 1,050-4,245 mature individuals, which is regarded by some as an overestimate (J. Criado et al. in litt. 2007), and is limited by a lack of sufficient data from the core of its likely range in Panama, La Amistad International Park (G. Angehr in litt. 2011). In total, the IBAs in Costa Rica and Panama cover approximately 65% of the species's range. Extrapolating to the global range, the population is estimated at c. 1,900-7,100 mature individuals. This number however requires confirmation and updating due to the uncertainty surrounding the national estimate of Panama and the continuing decline in the population.

Trend justification: The population is undergoing a moderate decline (Partners in Flight 2019). The main driver of the decline is thought to be the loss and degradation of its habitat, particularly in the non-breeding range (Elizondo Sancho and Molina Mora 2020; Global Forest Watch 2021). Over the past three generations (19.2 years), tree cover within the non-breeding range has been lost at a rate of 8% (Global Forest Watch 2021). In recent years, forest loss has been accelerating: projecting the rate of forest loss since 2015 forward over the next three generations, it may amount to 12.5% over this period.
In view of the species's high dependence on primary forest, it is likely that population declines are additionally compounded by habitat degradation and faster than tree cover loss alone. The rate of population decline is therefore here placed in the band 10-19% over three generations.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Costa Rica	extant	native	yes
Panama	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Costa Rica	Arenal-Monteverde
Costa Rica	Central Volcanic Cordillera
Costa Rica	Tilarán Highlands
Panama	Cerro Santiago
Panama	Fortuna Forest Reserve
Panama	Golfo de los Mosquitos Forests
Panama	La Amistad International Park
Panama	Palo Seco Protection Forest
Panama	Santa Fé National Park

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	major	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	major	resident
Altitude	100 - 2100 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Scale Unknown/Unrecorded	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Climate change & severe weather	Habitat shifting & alteration	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Majority (50-90%)		Causing/Could cause fluctuations		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Transportation & service corridors	Roads & railroads	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem conversion

Purpose	Scale
Pets/display animals, horticulture	international

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Bare-necked Umbrellabird Cephalopterus glabricollis. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/bare-necked-umbrellabird-cephalopterus-glabricollis on 23/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/12/2024.