• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic note

Xanthomixis apperti (del Hoyo and Collar 2016) was previously listed as Bernieria apperti.

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	A2c; D1

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2022	Vulnerable	A2c
2016	Vulnerable	D1+2
2012	Vulnerable	D2
2008	Vulnerable	D2
2004	Vulnerable
2000	Vulnerable
1996	Vulnerable
1994	Vulnerable
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	high
Land-mass type	shelf island	Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	6,100 km2	medium
Area of Occupancy (breeding/resident)	1,960 km2
Number of locations	11-100	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	600-1700 mature individuals	poor	suspected	1999
Population trend	decreasing	medium	suspected	2016-2026
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	30-35%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	10-19%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	10-19%	-	-	-
Generation length	2.61 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	1	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	100%	-	-	-

Population justification: The population size has not been quantified. The species is highly localised, but during surveys of Zombitse-Vohibasia National Park in 1996 it was considered locally common at Ambiamena and Andranamaitso and rare in Vohibasia Forest (Mustoe et al. 2000). It was not recorded during extensive ornithological surveys of the northern part of the Mikea Forest (Raherilalao et al. 2004), but may prove to be more widespread than currently thought. Therefore, the population is preliminarily suspected to fall into the band 1,000-2,499 individuals. This equates to 667-1,666 mature individuals, rounded here to 600-1,700 mature individuals.

Trend justification: The speciess population has previously been suspected to be stable owing to the cessation of forest clearance in the Zombitse-Vohibasia National Park in 1994 (ZICOMA 1999) and the species' apparent resistance to very low levels of forest degradation, at least (Mustoe et al. 2000). Tree cover loss within the extant range has previously been as high as 32% in the past ten years, although has slowed to a current estimate of 10% (Global Forest Watch 2021, using Hansen et al. [2013] data and methods disclosed therein). Given its high forest-dependency and its susceptibility to fragmentation and edge effects, future population declines are likely faster than the rate of tree cover loss suggests, and are therefore here tentatively placed in the band 10-19% over the next ten years.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Madagascar	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Madagascar	Analavelona NPA
Madagascar	Zombitse-Vohibasia National Park and extension

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Dry	major	resident
Altitude	600 - 1300 m	Occasional altitudinal limits	(min) 0 m

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Likely to Return		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		No decline		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Climate change & severe weather	Habitat shifting & alteration	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Whole (>90%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Indirect ecosystem effects, Ecosystem degradation

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Appert's Tetraka Xanthomixis apperti. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/apperts-tetraka-xanthomixis-apperti on 22/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/11/2024.