• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	C2a(i)	A2ace+3ce+4ce; C2a(i)

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2021	Endangered	C2a(i)
2018	Endangered	C2a(i)
2016	Endangered	B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v);C2a(i)
2012	Endangered	B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v);C2a(i)
2008	Endangered	B1a+b(i,ii,iii,iv,v); C2a(i)
2004	Endangered
2000	Endangered
1996	Endangered
1994	Endangered
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	does not normally occur in forest
Land-mass type	continent	Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	27,400 km2	medium
Area of Occupancy (breeding/resident)	6,156 km2
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	1000-2499 mature individuals	medium	estimated	2020
Population trend	decreasing	poor	inferred	2015-2025
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	30-49%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	30-49%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	30-49%	-	-	-
Generation length	2.7 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	2-100	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	1-89%	-	-	-

Population justification: Obtaining a solid population estimate is complicated by the fact that the population density varies drastically between sites, ranging from 0.04 individuals/ha to 6 individuals/ha (Renjifo et al. 2016). Based on count data from known sites, the overall population is estimated to number less than 2,500 mature individuals (Renjifo et al. 2016); it is here placed in the band 1,000-2,499 mature individuals.

The subpopulation structure has not been investigated, but observations away from regular sites indicates that the species may undertake local movements (Kroodsma and Brewer 2020). This suggests that, despite the somewhat localised occurrence, the population is not severely fragmented and that the number of subpopulations is low. Nevertheless, is it assumed that no subpopulation numbers more than 250 mature individuals (Renjifo et al. 2016).

Trend justification: Local declines have been observed over the past two decades, and the species has even disappeared from previously occupied sites (Renjifo et al. 2016 and references therein). Habitat loss has been below 10% over ten years, but the species is suffering from additional threats including nest parasitism and pollution (Renjifo et al. 2016). Consequently, the species is inferred to be undergoing a continuing decline, the rate of which is suspected at 30-49% over ten years (Renjifo et al. 2016).

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Colombia	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Colombia	Complejo Lacustre de Fúquene, Cucunubá y Palacio
Colombia	Humedales de la Sabana de Bogotá
Colombia	Laguna de Tota
Colombia	Parque Nacional Natural de Pisba
Colombia	Parque Nacional Natural El Cocuy
Colombia	Sumapaz Natural National Park

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Grassland	Subtropical/Tropical High Altitude	major	resident
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha)	major	resident
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha)	major	resident
Altitude	1800 - 3600 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Scale Unknown/Unrecorded	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Gathering terrestrial plants - Unintentional effects (species is not the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Human intrusions & disturbance	Recreational activities	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Species disturbance, Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Problematic native species/diseases - Molothrus bonariensis	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Reduced reproductive success
Natural system modifications	Dams & water management/use - Abstraction of surface water (agricultural use)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Rapid Declines		Medium Impact: 7
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Pollution	Agricultural & forestry effluents - Soil erosion, sedimentation	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Reduced reproductive success
Pollution	Agricultural & forestry effluents - Type Unknown/Unrecorded	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Reduced reproductive success, Species mortality
Pollution	Garbage & solid waste	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Causing/Could cause fluctuations		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Residential & commercial development	Housing & urban areas	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Transportation & service corridors	Roads & railroads	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Minority (<50%)		Rapid Declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Species disturbance, Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Apolinar's Wren Cistothorus apolinari. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/apolinars-wren-cistothorus-apolinari on 23/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/11/2024.