Current view: Text account
Site description (1999 baseline):
Site location and context
Lies on the west of Java, Ujung Kulon is located around 78 km south-west of Pandeglang. Ujung Kulon has of some offshore islands, and the biggest two are Peucang and Panaitan. Ujung Kulon has one of the largest remaining natural forest in Java.Ujung Kulon is also well klnown as the last place in Indonesia for Javan Rhino.
Non-bird biodiversity: Bos javanicus, Cuon alpinus, Panthera pardus, Rhinoceros sondaicus, Sus verrucosus, Hylobates moloch, Presbytis comata and Trachypithecus auratus. Chelonia mydas, Dermochelys coriacea and Eretmochelys imbricata use the beach for laying eggs (Hedges & Tyson 1996, Whitten et.al.1996)
Beach vegetation/forest, secondary forest, grassland, lowland rainforest, mangrove forest and freshwater swamp forest. The vegetations were heavily damaged in 1883 by the great eruption of Krakatau (MacKinnon
et.al. 1982).The vegetation in Panaitan Island dominated by mangrove forest, dry forest on the beach and tropical rainforest (Silvius
et.al.1987).
Pressure/threats to key biodiversity
Illegal settlements, wildlife hunting, turtle egg collection and swiflet nest collection (MacKinnon
et.al. 1982, Hommel 1987).
Declared as National Park (122956 ha; 76214 ha land and 46742 waters) based on SK Menteri Kehutanan No. 284/Kpts-II/92 on 26 February 1992, and declares as 'World Heritage' (Anon 1997).
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Important Bird Area factsheet: Ujung Kulon (Indonesia). Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/ujung-kulon-iba-indonesia on 23/12/2024.
