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The site was identified as important in 2009 because it was regularly supporting significant populations of the species listed below, meeting ('triggering') IBA criteria.

Populations meeting IBA criteria ('trigger species') at the site:

Species	Red List1	Season	Year(s)	Size	IBA criteria
Chestnut Teal Anas castanea	LC	resident	1991-2005	176-2,573 individuals	A4i
Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Calidris acuminata	VU	non-breeding	1989-2005	52-4,708 individuals	A4i
Swift Parrot Lathamus discolor	CR	non-breeding	2002-2005	40-650 individuals	A1
Regent Honeyeater Anthochaera phrygia	CR	non-breeding	2002-2005	3-72 individuals	A1

1. The current IUCN Red List category. The category at the time of the IBA criteria assessment (2009) may differ.

Ideally the conservation status of the IBA will have been checked regularly since the site was first identified in 2009. The most recent assessment (2019) is shown below.

State (condition of the trigger species' habitats)
Habitat	Quantity (% remaining)	Quality (% carrying capacity)	Result
Marine Coastal/Supratidal	poor (40-69%)	poor (40-69%)	very unfavourable
Forest	moderate (70-90%)	moderate (70-90%)	unfavourable

Pressure (threats to the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Threat	Timing	Scope	Severity	Result
Human intrusions and disturbance	happening now	whole area/population (>90%)	slow but significant deterioration	high
Residential and commercial development	likely in long term (beyond 4 years)	some of area/population (10-49%)	slow but significant deterioration	medium
Climate change and severe weather	likely in long term (beyond 4 years)	some of area/population (10-49%)	slow but significant deterioration	medium
Agricultural expansion and intensification	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	slow but significant deterioration	medium

Response (conservation actions taken for the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Protected areas	Management plan	Other action	Result
Whole area of site (>90%) covered by appropriate conservation designation	A management plan exists but it is out of date or not comprehensive	Some limited conservation initiatives are in place	medium

Year	Protected Area	Designation	% overlap with IBA
2005	Wyrrabalong	National Park	3
2007	Tuggerah	Nature Reserve	1
2007	Colongra Swamp	Nature Reserve	1
2015	Munmorah	State Conservation Area	12
2015	Tuggerah	State Conservation Area	1

Habitat1	Habitat detail	% of IBA
Marine Coastal/Supratidal		major (>10)
Artificial/Terrestrial	Improved grassland & pasture	minor (<10)
Forest	Casuarina forests & woodlands, Eucalypt open forests, Eucalypt woodlands, Melaleuca forests & woodlands	minor (<10)
Marine Intertidal		minor (<10)
Shrubland	Heath	minor (<10)

1. IUCN Habitat classification.

Land use	% of IBA
nature conservation and research	major (>10)
tourism/recreation	major (>10)
urban/industrial/transport	major (>10)
forestry	minor (<10)

Wyong Shire Council Open Space and Foreshore Reserve, National Park Service, Tuggerah Reserve Trust, Delta Electricity and freehold residential properties.

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Important Bird Area factsheet: Tuggerah (Australia). Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/tuggerah-iba-australia on 23/11/2024.