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The site was identified as internationally important for bird conservation in 2011 because it was regularly supporting significant populations of the species listed below, meeting ('triggering') IBA criteria.

Populations meeting IBA criteria ('trigger species') at the site:

Species	Red List	Season (year/s of estimate)	Size	IBA criteria
Greylag Goose Anser anser	LC	winter (2011)	13,840–38,115 birds	A4i, B1i, C3
Black-bellied Sandgrouse Pterocles orientalis	LC	resident (2003)	33–48 pairs	C2, C6
Little Bustard Tetrax tetrax	NT	winter (1995)	250–300 birds	A1, B2, C1, C6
Little Bustard Tetrax tetrax	NT	resident (2003)	739–974 birds	A1, B2, C1, C6
Great Bustard Otis tarda	EN	resident (2003)	min 2,668 birds	A1, B2, C1, C2, C6
Black-crowned Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax	LC	breeding (1995)	30 pairs	C6
Purple Heron Ardea purpurea	LC	breeding (1996)	30–31 pairs	C2, C6
Eurasian Thick-knee Burhinus oedicnemus	LC	resident (1996)	80–100 pairs	C6
Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus	LC	breeding (2003)	120–140 pairs	C6
Eurasian Dotterel Eudromias morinellus	LC	winter (1992)	1,000 birds	A4i, B1i, C2
Western Marsh-harrier Circus aeruginosus	LC	breeding (2003)	min 54 pairs	C6
Montagu's Harrier Circus pygargus	LC	resident (2003)	99–121 pairs	B3, C2, C6
Red Kite Milvus milvus	LC	winter (1994)	600–1,400 birds	A1, A4ii, B1iii, C1, C2
Black Kite Milvus migrans	LC	breeding (1995)	50–80 pairs	C6
Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni	LC	breeding (2003)	211–213 pairs	B2, C2, C6
Calandra Lark Melanocorypha calandra	LC	resident (1996)	4,500–11,000 pairs	B2
Aquatic Warbler Acrocephalus paludicola	VU	passage (2011)	300–950 birds	A1, C1

Ideally the conservation status of the IBA will have been checked regularly since the site was first identified in 2011. The most recent assessment (2008) is shown below.

State (condition of the trigger species' populations)
Species	Actual vs Reference (units)	% remaining	Result
Greylag Goose Anser anser	32,000 / 2,000 (birds)	100	good

State (condition of the trigger species' habitats)
Habitat	Quantity (% remaining)	Quality (% carrying capacity)	Result
Wetlands (inland)	moderate (70–90%)	moderate (70–90%)	poor

Pressure (threats to the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Threat	Timing	Scope	Severity	Result
Agricultural expansion and intensification	happe­ning now	most of popul­ation/area (50–90%)	moderate decline (10–30% over 3 gener­ations)	high
Climate change and severe weather	happe­ning now	most of popul­ation/area (50–90%)	moderate decline (10–30% over 3 gener­ations)	high
Transportation and service corridors	happe­ning now	some of popul­ation/area (10–49%)	moderate decline (10–30% over 3 gener­ations)	high
Biological resource use	happe­ning now	some of popul­ation/area (10–49%)	moderate decline (10–30% over 3 gener­ations)	high
Human intrusions and disturbance	happe­ning now	some of popul­ation/area (10–49%)	moderate decline (10–30% over 3 gener­ations)	high
Natural system modifications	happe­ning now	some of popul­ation/area (10–49%)	moderate decline (10–30% over 3 gener­ations)	high
Invasive and other problematic species and genes	happe­ning now	some of popul­ation/area (10–49%)	moderate decline (10–30% over 3 gener­ations)	high
Pollution	happe­ning now	some of popul­ation/area (10–49%)	slow decline (1–10% over 3 gener­ations)	medium

Response (conservation actions taken for the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Designation	Planning	Action	Result
Whole area (>90%) covered by appropriate conservation designation	A compre­hensive and appropriate management plan exists that aims to maintain or improve the populations of qualifying bird species	Substantive conservation measures are being implemented, but these are not compre­hensive and are limited by resources and capacity	high

Habitat	% of IBA	Habitat detail
Artificial/Terrestrial	90	Arable land; Forestry plantations; Ruderal land
Grassland	5	Humid grasslands
Forest	-	Alluvial and very wet forest; Broadleaved evergreen woodland
Wetlands (inland)	-	Standing freshwater; Rivers and streams; Water fringe vegetation

Land use	% of IBA
agriculture	100
hunting	100

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Important Bird Area factsheet: Tierra de Campos steppes (Spain). Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/tierra-de-campos-steppes-iba-spain on 22/12/2024.