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The site was identified as important in 2002 because it was regularly supporting significant populations of the species listed below, meeting ('triggering') IBA criteria.

Populations meeting IBA criteria ('trigger species') at the site:

Species	Red List1	Season	Year(s)	Size	IBA criteria
Black-bellied Sandgrouse Pterocles orientalis	LC	breeding	2001	rare	C6
Great Bustard Otis tarda	EN	resident	1999	10-20 individuals	A1, C1, C6
Black Stork Ciconia nigra	LC	breeding	1997	5-6 breeding pairs	B2, C6
Eurasian Thick-knee Burhinus oedicnemus	LC	breeding	1996	20-50 breeding pairs	C6
Eurasian Eagle-owl Bubo bubo	LC	resident	2001	5-8 breeding pairs	C6
Black-winged Kite Elanus caeruleus	LC	resident	2000	2-4 breeding pairs	C6
Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus	EN	breeding	2002	2 breeding pairs	B2, C6
Short-toed Snake-eagle Circaetus gallicus	LC	breeding	2001	4-10 breeding pairs	C6
Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus	LC	resident	2002	10 breeding pairs	B2, C6
Cinereous Vulture Aegypius monachus	NT	resident	2000	frequent	C6
Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos	LC	resident	2002	1 breeding pairs	C6
Bonelli's Eagle Aquila fasciata	LC	resident	2002	1 breeding pairs	B2, C6
Booted Eagle Hieraaetus pennatus	LC	breeding	2001	4-10 breeding pairs	C6
Montagu's Harrier Circus pygargus	LC	breeding	2001	1-2 breeding pairs	C6
Red Kite Milvus milvus	LC	resident	2001	1-2 breeding pairs	C6
Black Kite Milvus migrans	LC	breeding	2001	8-15 breeding pairs	C6
European Roller Coracias garrulus	LC	breeding	1996	1-5 breeding pairs	C6
Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus	LC	resident	2002	1 breeding pairs	C6
Calandra Lark Melanocorypha calandra	LC	breeding	1996	common	C6
Greater Short-toed Lark Calandrella brachydactyla	LC	breeding	2001	common	C6
Dartford Warbler Curruca undata	NT	resident	2001	common	C6
Blue Rock-thrush Monticola solitarius	LC	resident	2001	15-50 breeding pairs	B2
Black Wheatear Oenanthe leucura	LC	resident	1999	uncommon	C6

1. The current IUCN Red List category. The category at the time of the IBA criteria assessment (2002) may differ.

Ideally the conservation status of the IBA will have been checked regularly since the site was first identified in 2002. The most recent assessment (2005) is shown below.

Pressure (threats to the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Threat	Timing	Scope	Severity	Result
Transportation and service corridors	happening now	small area/few individuals (<10%)	very rapid to severe deterioration	low

Response (conservation actions taken for the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Protected areas	Management plan	Other action	Result
Not assessed	Not assessed	Not assessed	not assessed

Habitat1	Habitat detail	% of IBA
Artificial/Terrestrial	Arable land, Perennial crops, orchards and groves, Forestry plantations	45
Forest	Broadleaved evergreen woodland, Native coniferous woodland	27
Shrubland	Sclerophyllous scrub, garrigue and maquis, Scrub	25
Wetlands (inland)	Standing freshwater, Water fringe vegetation, Rivers and streams	3
Rocky areas (eg. inland cliffs, mountain peaks)	Inland cliffs	-

1. IUCN Habitat classification.

Land use	% of IBA
agriculture	-
forestry	-
hunting	-
tourism/recreation	-

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Important Bird Area factsheet: Serra de Penha Garcia e Campina de Toulões (Portugal). Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/serra-de-penha-garcia-e-campina-de-toulões-iba-portugal on 22/11/2024.