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Site summary

Sypsynagash hollow is a unit of Tersek-Adaev plateau (or West-Turgay plateau), it is represented by a sheeted plain with altitude 250-320 m. The slopy and undulating pene-accumulative plains of the hollow itself are 30-40 km in width and 220-240 m in altitude (Gvozdetsky, Nikolaev, 1971), they stretch for 160 km - from hilly plateas of Zauralye to Turgay hollow. Gently sloping weak drain slopes and numerous drainless lake depressions of suffosion origin are typical for it. The layers of the plain are mostly formed by deposits of middle Oligocene, which underwent an intensive wind processing. Landscapes are presented by grassland sand - feather-grass steppes with solonchak complexes in the depressions of salty lakes and sors and meadows along depressions, often halophytic.

Soils here are having liver-coloured, chestnut coloured sandy and sabulous soils, which are formed on easy Oligocene precipitations of Sypsynagashsky narrow. These soils are poor with humus.

The climate is acutely continental and arid with cold winter, due to the location of the district in orographic passage between south Ural and Kazahsky Melkosopochnik (Gvozdetsky, Nikolaev, 1971). The annual average precipitations are 230-240 mm, about 75% out of them fall on warm season. There are droughts periodically.

The hollow is situated on Tobol-Turgaisky drainless watershed, completely devoid of some large watercourses. On the southern gentle slopes of the hollow, there are some shot dry gullies through which spring runoff goes filling separate lake hollows. All over the surface of the hollow, particularly in its western part, there are bulk of shallow small in area lakes, mostly saltish and brackish.

Salmanykol lake is small and come-at-able, it has plain low relief of coast, shoal and deep places. The hydrological features of the water pond are as following: the area is about 1,6 x 0,8 km, extension of coastline is about 5 km, the depth is over 2 m. The lake is permanent, with brackish water. The typical growth of overgrowing surface vegetation is Fragmites (australis), Typha. There is no water intake for domestic water consumption. The lake Salmanykol is situated near asphalt road. The adjacent steppe areas around the lake are hilly.

Acknowledgements

1. Report: «Monitoring of autumn migration Siberian Crane and other globally threatened species of waterbirds on design sites and adjacent territories of Kostanaysky region in 2008 year» Forest and Hunting Committee of Ministry of Agriculture of Republic of Kazakhstan. Regional Project UNEP/GEF «Development of flyways and wetlands for conservation Siberian Crane and other waterbirds in Asia» in the Republic of Kazakhstan. ((in Russian)

2. Bragin, E.A., Bragin, T.M. (2002) Wetlands in system of natural complexes of Northern Kazakhstan. Overall performance and nature protection sense. p. 19-38 in T.M.Bragin, E.A.Bragin, an edition. The most important Wetlands of Northern Kazakhstan (within the Kostanaysky and western part North Kazakhstan regions). Moscow: Russian university (WWF series, publication 5). (in Russian)

3. Timoshenko A.J. Report: «An assessment of a condition of lakes, definition of influence of hunting on places of stops of a Lesser White-fronted Goose (Anser erythropus) on spring flight in Kostanaysky area and adjacent territories in 2012» Association for the Conservation of Biodiversity of Kazakhstan. Astana 2012.

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Important Bird Area factsheet: Salmanykol lake (Kazakhstan). Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/salmanykol-lake-iba-kazakhstan on 25/12/2024.