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The site was identified as internationally important for bird conservation in 2007 because it was regularly supporting significant populations of the species listed below, meeting ('triggering') IBA criteria.

Populations meeting IBA criteria ('trigger species') at the site:

Species	Red List	Season (year/s of estimate)	Size	IBA criteria
Solitary Tinamou Tinamus solitarius	NT	resident (-)	present	A1, A3
Black-fronted Piping-guan Pipile jacutinga	EN	resident (1998–2007)	present	A1, A3
Spot-winged Wood-quail Odontophorus capueira	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Sickle-winged Nightjar Eleothreptus anomalus	VU	resident (-)	present	A1
Scale-throated Hermit Phaethornis eurynome	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Purple-crowned Plovercrest Stephanoxis loddigesii	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Violet-capped Woodnymph Thalurania glaucopis	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Slaty-breasted Wood-rail Aramides saracura	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Black-capped Screech-owl Megascops atricapilla	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Tawny-browed Owl Pulsatrix koeniswaldiana	LC	resident (1998–2007)	rare	A2, A3
Rusty-barred Owl Strix hylophila	LC	resident (-)	present	A1, A3
Southern Surucua Trogon Trogon surrucura	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Rufous-capped Motmot Baryphthengus ruficapillus	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Buff-bellied Puffbird Notharchus swainsoni	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Red-breasted Toucan Ramphastos dicolorus	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Spot-billed Toucanet Selenidera maculirostris	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Saffron Toucanet Pteroglossus bailloni	NT	resident (-)	present	A1, A3
Ochre-collared Piculet Picumnus temminckii	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Robust Woodpecker Campephilus robustus	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Yellow-browed Woodpecker Piculus aurulentus	NT	resident (-)	present	A1, A3
Helmeted Woodpecker Celeus galeatus	VU	resident (1998–2007)	present	A1, A3
Yellow-fronted Woodpecker Melanerpes flavifrons	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
White-spotted Woodpecker Veniliornis spilogaster	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Pileated Parrot Pionopsitta pileata	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Vinaceous-breasted Amazon Amazona vinacea	EN	resident (1998–2007)	present	A1, A3
Streak-capped Antwren Terenura maculata	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Spot-backed Antshrike Hypoedaleus guttatus	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Large-tailed Antshrike Mackenziaena leachii	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Tufted Antshrike Mackenziaena severa	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Bertoni's Antbird Drymophila rubricollis	LC	resident (-)	present	A2, A3
Dusky-tailed Antbird Drymophila malura	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
White-shouldered Fire-eye Pyriglena leucoptera	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Rufous Gnateater Conopophaga lineata	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Speckle-breasted Antpitta Cryptopezus nattereri	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Rufous-breasted Leaftosser Sclerurus scansor	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Lesser Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus fuscus	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Black-billed Scythebill Campylorhamphus falcularius	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Scalloped Woodcreeper Lepidocolaptes falcinellus	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Sharp-billed Treehunter Heliobletus contaminatus	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Black-capped Foliage-gleaner Philydor atricapillus	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
White-browed Foliage-gleaner Anabacerthia amaurotis	NT	resident (1998–2007)	rare	A1, A2, A3
Ochre-breasted Foliage-gleaner Anabacerthia lichtensteini	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
White-eyed Foliage-gleaner Automolus leucophthalmus	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Olive Spinetail Cranioleuca obsoleta	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Rufous-capped Spinetail Synallaxis ruficapilla	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Blue Manakin Chiroxiphia caudata	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Bare-throated Bellbird Procnias nudicollis	NT	breeding (1998–2007)	rare	A1, A3
Greenish Schiffornis Schiffornis virescens	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Russet-winged Spadebill Platyrinchus leucoryphus	VU	resident (1998–2007)	present	A1, A3
Sao Paulo Tyrannulet Phylloscartes paulista	NT	resident (-)	present	A1, A3
Bay-ringed Tyrannulet Phylloscartes sylviolus	LC	resident (-)	present	A1, A3
Southern Bristle-tyrant Pogonotriccus eximius	NT	resident (-)	present	A1, A3
Grey-hooded Flycatcher Mionectes rufiventris	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Eared Pygmy-tyrant Myiornis auricularis	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Drab-breasted Bamboo-tyrant Hemitriccus diops	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Greenish Tyrannulet Phyllomyias virescens	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Bearded Tachuri Polystictus pectoralis	NT	resident (-)	present	A1
Sharp-tailed Tyrant Culicivora caudacuta	LC	resident (1998–2007)	present	A1
Cock-tailed Tyrant Alectrurus tricolor	VU	resident (1998–2007)	frequent	A1
Strange-tailed Tyrant Alectrurus risora	VU	resident (1998–2007)	present	A1
Rufous-crowned Greenlet Hylophilus poicilotis	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Creamy-bellied Gnatcatcher Polioptila lactea	LC	resident (-)	present	A1, A3
Ochre-breasted Pipit Anthus nattereri	VU	resident (1998–2007)	present	A1
Green-throated Euphonia Euphonia chalybea	LC	resident (-)	present	A1, A3
Chestnut-bellied Euphonia Euphonia pectoralis	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Saffron-cowled Blackbird Xanthopsar flavus	EN	breeding (2006)	200 birds	A1, A4ii
Blue Seedeater Amaurospiza moesta	LC	resident (-)	present	A1, A3
Green-headed Tanager Tangara seledon	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Black-throated Grosbeak Saltator fuliginosus	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Ruby-crowned Tanager Tachyphonus coronatus	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Chestnut Seedeater Sporophila cinnamomea	VU	passage (1998–2007)	rare	A1
Marsh Seedeater Sporophila palustris	EN	passage (1998–2007)	rare	A1
Chestnut-headed Tanager Thlypopsis pyrrhocoma	LC	resident (-)	present	A3
Uniform Finch Haplospiza unicolor	LC	resident (-)	present	A3

Ideally the conservation status of the IBA will have been checked regularly since the site was first identified in 2007. The most recent assessment (2017) is shown below.

Pressure (threats to the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Threat	Timing	Scope	Severity	Result
Natural system modifications	happe­ning now	whole of popul­ation/area (>90%)	moderate decline (10–30% over 3 gener­ations)	very high
Agricultural expansion and intensification	happe­ning now	some of popul­ation/area (10–49%)	slow decline (1–10% over 3 gener­ations)	medium
Residential and commercial development	happe­ning now	some of popul­ation/area (10–49%)	slow decline (1–10% over 3 gener­ations)	medium
Transportation and service corridors	happe­ning now	some of popul­ation/area (10–49%)	slow decline (1–10% over 3 gener­ations)	medium
Pollution	happe­ning now	some of popul­ation/area (10–49%)	slow decline (1–10% over 3 gener­ations)	medium

Response (conservation actions taken for the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Designation	Planning	Action	Result
Some of area covered (10–49%)	Not assessed	Some limited conservation initiatives are in place	low

Year	Protected Area	Designation (management category)	% coverage of IBA
1992	San Rafael	Parque Nacional - Publico (II)	98

The Local Conservation Group(s) listed below are working to conserve this IBA.

Name	Year formed
Promotores Ambientales de San Rafael	2004

For more information on BirdLife's work with Local Conservation Groups, please visit Spotlight on local empowerment.

Habitat	% of IBA	Habitat detail
Forest	91	Tropical semi-deciduous forest; Tropical semi-evergreen forest
Savanna	3	Savanna
Shrubland	1	Scrub

Land use	% of IBA
agriculture	5

El área cuenta con aproximadamente 25 propietarios.

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Important Bird Area factsheet: Parque Nacional San Rafael (Paraguay). Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/parque-nacional-san-rafael-iba-paraguay on 22/12/2024.