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The site was identified as important in 2012 because it was regularly supporting significant populations of the species listed below, meeting ('triggering') IBA criteria.

Populations meeting IBA criteria ('trigger species') at the site:

Species	Red List1	Season	Year(s)	Size	IBA criteria
Lesser Frigatebird Fregata ariel	LC	breeding	2006	600 breeding pairs	A4ii
Sooty Tern Onychoprion fuscatus	LC	breeding	2006	600,000 breeding pairs	A4i
A4iii Species group - waterbirds	n/a	breeding	2006	602,310 breeding pairs	A4iii

1. The current IUCN Red List category. The category at the time of the IBA criteria assessment (2012) may differ.

Ideally the conservation status of the IBA will have been checked regularly since the site was first identified in 2012. The most recent assessment (2012) is shown below.

State (condition of the trigger species' populations)
Species	Reference	Actual	Units	% remaining	Result
Lesser Frigatebird Fregata ariel	600	600	breeding pairs	100	not assessed
Sooty Tern Onychoprion fuscatus	3,000,000	1,800,000	individuals	60	unfavourable
A4iii Species group - waterbirds	1,806,930	1,806,930	individuals	100	not assessed

Pressure (threats to the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Threat	Timing	Scope	Severity	Result
Invasive and other problematic species and genes	happening now	whole area/population (>90%)	slow but significant deterioration	high
Climate change and severe weather	likely in long term (beyond 4 years)	whole area/population (>90%)	slow but significant deterioration	medium
Biological resource use	happening now	majority/most of area/population (50-90%)	no or imperceptible deterioration	low

Response (conservation actions taken for the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Protected areas	Management plan	Other action	Result
Whole area of site (>90%) covered by appropriate conservation designation	A comprehensive and appropriate management plan exists that aims to maintain or improve the populations of qualifying bird species	Some limited conservation initiatives are in place	medium

Year	Protected Area	Designation	% overlap with IBA
2006	Phoenix Islands Protected Area	Protected Area	100
2010	Phoenix Islands Protected Area	World Heritage Site (natural or mixed)	100

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Important Bird Area factsheet: Orona Atoll (Hull Island) (Kiribati). Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/orona-atoll-(hull-island)-iba-kiribati on 23/11/2024.