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The site was identified as internationally important for bird conservation in 2011 because it was regularly supporting significant populations of the species listed below, meeting ('triggering') IBA criteria.

Populations meeting IBA criteria ('trigger species') at the site:

Species	Red List	Season (year/s of estimate)	Size	IBA criteria
Cinereous Vulture Aegypius monachus	NT	resident (2006)	87–100 pairs	A1, A4ii, B1iii, B2, C1, C2, C6
Spanish Imperial Eagle Aquila adalberti	VU	resident (2009)	min 6 pairs	A1, B2, C1, C2, C6
Red Kite Milvus milvus	LC	resident (2010)	20–30 pairs	A1, B2, C1, C6

Ideally the conservation status of the IBA will have been checked regularly since the site was first identified in 2011. The most recent assessment (2007) is shown below.

State (condition of the trigger species' populations)
Species	Actual vs Reference (units)	% remaining	Result
Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos	2 / 2 (pairs)	100	good

State (condition of the trigger species' habitats)
Habitat	Quantity (% remaining)	Quality (% carrying capacity)	Result
Wetlands (inland)	good (>90%)	good (>90%)	good

Pressure (threats to the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Threat	Timing	Scope	Severity	Result
Residential and commercial development	happe­ning now	most of popul­ation/area (50–90%)	rapid decline (>30% over 3 gener­ations)	very high
Human intrusions and disturbance	happe­ning now	whole of popul­ation/area (>90%)	slow decline (1–10% over 3 gener­ations)	high
Climate change and severe weather	happe­ning now	whole of popul­ation/area (>90%)	slow decline (1–10% over 3 gener­ations)	high
Transportation and service corridors	happe­ning now	most of popul­ation/area (50–90%)	moderate decline (10–30% over 3 gener­ations)	high
Natural system modifications	happe­ning now	most of popul­ation/area (50–90%)	slow decline (1–10% over 3 gener­ations)	high
Agricultural expansion and intensification	happe­ning now	some of popul­ation/area (10–49%)	slow decline (1–10% over 3 gener­ations)	medium
Energy production and mining	happe­ning now	some of popul­ation/area (10–49%)	slow decline (1–10% over 3 gener­ations)	medium
Biological resource use	happe­ning now	some of popul­ation/area (10–49%)	slow decline (1–10% over 3 gener­ations)	medium
Invasive and other problematic species and genes	happe­ning now	some of popul­ation/area (10–49%)	slow decline (1–10% over 3 gener­ations)	medium
Pollution	happe­ning now	some of popul­ation/area (10–49%)	slow decline (1–10% over 3 gener­ations)	medium

Response (conservation actions taken for the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Designation	Planning	Action	Result
Some of area covered (10–49%)	A compre­hensive and appropriate management plan exists that aims to maintain or improve the populations of qualifying bird species	Substantive conservation measures are being implemented, but these are not compre­hensive and are limited by resources and capacity	medium

Year	Protected Area	Designation (management category)	% coverage of IBA
1930	Peña del Arcipreste de Hita	Monumento Natural de Interés Nacional (V)	<1
1930	Pinar de la Acebeda	Nature Area of National Interest (IV)	1
2013	Sierra de Guadarrama	Parque Nacional (II)	17

Habitat	% of IBA	Habitat detail
Forest	26	Broadleaved deciduous woodland; Native coniferous woodland; Broadleaved evergreen woodland
Grassland	26	Dry siliceous grassland; Humid grasslands
Shrubland	26	Scrub
Artificial/Terrestrial	-	Arable land
Wetlands (inland)	-	Rivers and streams

Land use	% of IBA
forestry	26
hunting	-
agriculture	-
tourism/recreation	-

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Important Bird Area factsheet: Northern slope of Guadarrama mountain range (Spain). Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/northern-slope-of-guadarrama-mountain-range-iba-spain on 25/12/2024.