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• Text account
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• Reference and further resources

The site was identified as internationally important for bird conservation in 2011 because it was regularly supporting significant populations of the species listed below, meeting ('triggering') IBA criteria.

Populations meeting IBA criteria ('trigger species') at the site:

Species	Red List1	Season	Year(s)	Size	IBA criteria
Cinereous Vulture Aegypius monachus	NT	resident	2006	87–100 pairs	A1, A4ii, B1iii, B2, C1, C2, C6
Spanish Imperial Eagle Aquila adalberti	VU	resident	2009	min 6 pairs	A1, B2, C1, C2, C6
Red Kite Milvus milvus	LC	resident	2010	20–30 pairs	A1, B2, C1, C6

1. The current IUCN Red List category. The category at the time of the IBA criteria assessment (2011) may differ.

Ideally the conservation status of the IBA will have been checked regularly since the site was first identified in 2011. The most recent assessment (2007) is shown below.

State (condition of the trigger species' populations)
Species	Actual vs Reference	Units	% remaining	Result
Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos	2 / 2	pairs	100	good

State (condition of the trigger species' habitats)
Habitat	Quantity (% remaining)	Quality (% carrying capacity)	Result
Wetlands (inland)	good (> 90%)	good (> 90%)	good

Pressure (threats to the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Threat	Timing	Scope	Severity	Result
Residential and commercial development	now	most of population/area (50-90%)	rapid decline (>30% over 3 gener­ations)	very high
Human intrusions and disturbance	now	whole of population/area (>90%)	slow decline (1-10% over 3 gener­ations)	high
Climate change and severe weather	now	whole of population/area (>90%)	slow decline (1-10% over 3 gener­ations)	high
Transportation and service corridors	now	most of population/area (50-90%)	moderate decline (10-30% over 3 gener­ations)	high
Agricultural expansion and intensification	now	most of population/area (50-90%)	slow decline (1-10% over 3 gener­ations)	high
Natural system modifications	now	most of population/area (50-90%)	slow decline (1-10% over 3 gener­ations)	high
Energy production and mining	now	some of population/area (10-49%)	slow decline (1-10% over 3 gener­ations)	medium
Biological resource use	now	some of population/area (10-49%)	slow decline (1-10% over 3 gener­ations)	medium
Invasive and other problematic species and genes	now	some of population/area (10-49%)	slow decline (1-10% over 3 gener­ations)	medium
Pollution	now	some of population/area (10-49%)	slow decline (1-10% over 3 gener­ations)	medium

Response (conservation actions taken for the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Designation	Planning	Action	Result
Some of area covered (10-49%)	A comprehensive and appropriate management plan exists that aims to maintain or improve the populations of qualifying bird species	Substantive conservation measures are being implemented, but these are not comprehensive and are limited by resources and capacity	medium

Year	Protected Area	Designation	% overlap with IBA
1930	Peña del Arcipreste de Hita	Monumento Natural de Interés Nacional	<1
1930	Pinar de la Acebeda	Nature Area of National Interest	1
1987	Sierra de Guadarrama - ZEPA	Special Protection Area (Birds Directive)	55
2000	Sierra De Guadarrama	Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)	55
2000	Valles del Voltoya y el Zorita - ZEPA	Special Protection Area (Birds Directive)	19
2000	Valles Del Voltoya y El Zorita	Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)	17
2007	Humedales del Macizo de Peñalara	Ramsar Site, Wetland of International Importance	<1
2010	Sierra Norte de Guadarrama	Parque Natural	51
2013	Sierra de Guadarrama	Parque Nacional	17

Habitat	% of IBA	Habitat detail
Forest	26	Broadleaved deciduous woodland; Native coniferous woodland; Broadleaved evergreen woodland
Grassland	26	Dry siliceous grassland; Humid grasslands
Shrubland	26	Scrub
Artificial/Terrestrial	-	Arable land
Wetlands (inland)	-	Rivers and streams

Land use	% of IBA
forestry	26
hunting	-
agriculture	-
tourism/recreation	-

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Important Bird Area factsheet: Northern slope of Guadarrama mountain range (Spain). Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/northern-slope-of-guadarrama-mountain-range-iba-spain on 03/12/2024.