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The site was identified as important in 2013 because it was regularly supporting significant populations of the species listed below, meeting ('triggering') IBA criteria.

Populations meeting IBA criteria ('trigger species') at the site:

Species	Red List1	Season	Year(s)	Size	IBA criteria
Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca	NT	passage	2012-2013	536 individuals	A1
Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus	LC	passage	2012-2013	391 individuals	A4i
A4iii Species group - waterbirds	n/a	passage	2012-2013	22,023 individuals	A4iii

1. The current IUCN Red List category. The category at the time of the IBA criteria assessment (2013) may differ.

Ideally the conservation status of the IBA will have been checked regularly since the site was first identified in 2013. The most recent assessment (2015) is shown below.

State (condition of the trigger species' habitats)
Habitat	Quantity (% remaining)	Quality (% carrying capacity)	Result
Shrubland	moderate (70-90%)	moderate (70-90%)	unfavourable
Desert	moderate (70-90%)	moderate (70-90%)	unfavourable
Wetlands (inland)	moderate (70-90%)	good (> 90%)	near favourable

Pressure (threats to the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Threat	Timing	Scope	Severity	Result
Climate change and severe weather	likely in long term (beyond 4 years)	whole area/population (>90%)	very rapid to severe deterioration	high
Biological resource use	happening now	majority/most of area/population (50-90%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	high
Agricultural expansion and intensification	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	slow but significant deterioration	medium
Natural system modifications	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	slow but significant deterioration	medium

Response (conservation actions taken for the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Protected areas	Management plan	Other action	Result
Little/none of site covered (<10%)	No management planning has taken place	Very little or no conservation action taking place	negligible

Habitat1	Habitat detail	% of IBA
Wetlands (inland)	Standing brackish & salt water, Standing fresh water, Water-fringe vegetation	70
Shrubland	Low bushes	20
Desert	Desert & semi-desert - sandy	10

1. IUCN Habitat classification.

Land use	% of IBA
hunting	100
fisheries/aquaculture	30
rangeland/pastureland	30
forestry	1

State grounds, the territory has tenants. There is no data on them.

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Important Bird Area factsheet: Mashankul and Khojakul lake complex (Uzbekistan). Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/mashankul-and-khojakul-lake-complex-iba-uzbekistan on 23/11/2024.