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The site was identified as important in 1998 because it was regularly supporting significant populations of the species listed below, meeting ('triggering') IBA criteria.

Populations meeting IBA criteria ('trigger species') at the site:

Species	Red List1	Season	Year(s)	Size	IBA criteria
Corncrake Crex crex	LC	winter	-	present	A1
Black Stork Ciconia nigra	LC	non-breeding	-	40-60 individuals	A4i
Black Stork Ciconia nigra	LC	breeding	-	10-20 breeding pairs	A4i
Cape Vulture Gyps coprotheres	VU	non-breeding	-	present	A1
Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni	LC	winter	-	present	A1
Brown-headed Parrot Poicephalus cryptoxanthus	LC	resident	1998	present	A3
Gorgeous Bushshrike Telophorus viridis	LC	resident	1998	present	A3
Black-bellied Starling Notopholia corusca	LC	resident	1998	present	A3
Pink-throated Twinspot Hypargos margaritatus	LC	resident	1998	present	A3
Lemon-breasted Canary Crithagra citrinipectus	LC	resident	1998	present	A3

1. The current IUCN Red List category. The category at the time of the IBA criteria assessment (1998) may differ.

Ideally the conservation status of the IBA will have been checked regularly since the site was first identified in 1998. The most recent assessment (2014) is shown below.

State (condition of the trigger species' habitats)
Habitat	Quantity (% remaining)	Quality (% carrying capacity)	Result
Wetlands (inland)	moderate (70-90%)	poor (40-69%)	very unfavourable
Forest	good (> 90%)	good (> 90%)	favourable

Pressure (threats to the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Threat	Timing	Scope	Severity	Result
Agricultural expansion and intensification	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	high
Transportation and service corridors	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	high
Biological resource use	happening now	majority/most of area/population (50-90%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	high
Natural system modifications	happening now	majority/most of area/population (50-90%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	high
Climate change and severe weather	happening now	majority/most of area/population (50-90%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	high
Residential and commercial development	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	slow but significant deterioration	medium
Energy production and mining	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	slow but significant deterioration	medium
Invasive and other problematic species and genes	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	slow but significant deterioration	medium
Pollution	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	slow but significant deterioration	medium
Human intrusions and disturbance	happening now	small area/few individuals (<10%)	no or imperceptible deterioration	low

Response (conservation actions taken for the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Protected areas	Management plan	Other action	Result
Most of site (50-90%) covered (including the most critical parts for important bird species)	A comprehensive and appropriate management plan exists that aims to maintain or improve the populations of qualifying bird species	The conservation measures needed for the site are being comprehensively and effectively implemented	high

Year	Protected Area	Designation	% overlap with IBA
1926	Kruger National Park	National Park	89
1954	Pafuri Nature Reserve	Nature Reserve	1
1954	Cronje en Dogters Private Nature Reserve	Nature Reserve	<1
1962	Timbavati Private Nature Reserve	Nature Reserve	2
1965	Sabie Sands Private Nature Reserve	Nature Reserve	3
1965	Rondalia-Letaba Private Nature Reserve	Nature Reserve	1
1967	Manyeleti Game Reserve	Nature Reserve	1
1969	Umbabat Private Nature Reserve	Nature Reserve	1
1969	Buffelshoek Private Nature Reserve	Nature Reserve	<1
1972	Klaserie Private Nature Reserve	Nature Reserve	3
2001	Kruger to Canyons	UNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserve	100
2007	Makuleke Wetlands	Ramsar Site, Wetland of International Importance	1
2009	Vhembe Biosphere Reserve	UNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserve	20
2016	Letaba Ranch Nature Reserve	Nature Reserve	1

Habitat1	Habitat detail	% of IBA
Forest	Lowland forest - riparian, Woodland - mixed	-
Wetlands (inland)	Rivers & streams	-

1. IUCN Habitat classification.

Land use	% of IBA
nature conservation and research	100
water management	10
tourism/recreation	-

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Important Bird Area factsheet: Kruger National Park and adjacent areas (South Africa). Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/kruger-national-park-and-adjacent-areas-iba-south-africa on 22/11/2024.